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This publication examines the impact of multilateral trade agreements on international trade flows. It takes a look at the world trading system (WTO) in relation to small and medium-sized enterprises...

The Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations significantly reduced tariff barriers to trade. However, exporters continue to face non-tariff barriers in the form of standards, technical...

This 4th edition of the African Governance Report provides a critique of perception-based measurements of corruption as well as an assessment of existing alternative, mostly mixed, measures of...

The African Governance Report is the result of extensive research covering governance practices in 27 African countries. The findings were subjected to a rigorous process of reviews that involved both...

Exploitation of natural resources has dominated economic activity in Africa but the benefits have accrued only to a privileged few. The continent’s most common strategy of exporting commodities in...

The African Governance Report is the most comprehensive report on governance in Africa, assesses and monitors the progress African countries are making on governance, identifies capacity gaps in...

This report considers the interaction between the national economy and the environment in the former Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia. It concludes that the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power...

This handbook provides an introduction to electronic commerce. It covers a variety of topics including: developing e-commerce strategies; online market research; online marketing; online communication...

This study offers a practical and stimulating discussion on growth in market economies. Reflecting back as far as 1950 and projecting into the year 2000, it provides an historical view and guidance on...

This paper focuses on the economic aspects of Perestroika and how it affected the economic reforms and developments in the former Soviet Union, Europe and the world. Experts present the original...

This publication offers a detailed analysis of the policy options and choices of the European countries after the Second World War. The policies are important for managing the economic reforms in...

This publication discusses the overall economic position in the Eastern countries giving a long-term historical perspective and short-term prospects. It views the social and economic order aimed at by...

The service sector, including personal and collective services, has been written about in many economic publications. However, most of them focus on selected branches such as health, education and...

Because of the exceptional events in central and eastern Europe this round-table discussion centers on the transition economies. It focuses on the unexpected sharp fall in output and the resulting...

This study analyzes the link between inflation and unemployment as it presents a summary of facts comparing western Europe with the United States and Japan. It provides the different explanations on...