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Today, there are over 20 countries classified as transition economies. It is undeniable that a basic and essential challenge for all transition economies is still the attraction of investment and, in...

This publication summarizes the proceedings of the Round Table on Standards, Norms and Regulations and their Impact on International Trade, focused primarily on central and eastern European countries...

This publication discusses the different aspects of transition Poland has experienced during the last decade. The guide looks at encouraging private entrepreneurship; problems of stock exchanges in a...

The development of foreign trade in the transition economies depends largely on the availability of competitive exports and convertible currency funds for imports. This publication addresses practical...

The rapid development of the services sector in domestic and international trade has been a major feature of the world’s economic development over the last thirty or more years. At the same time...

This report is taken from the deliberations that took place at the workshop, Practical Aspects of Trade Finance in CIS Countries with Special Reference to Problems Encountered by Small and Medium...

This brief publication aims to provide useful information for formulating technical assistance projects for Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Central Asia (EECCA) countries. The publication provides a...

The accession of eight Central and Eastern European transition countries and two Mediterranean countries to the European Union was the most significant enlargement in scope and diversity in the...

The purpose of the UNECE Trade and Investment Guides is to assist countries in transition, as well as economic actors in other countries, in becoming familiar with best practices in the areas of trade...

Migration is a regular feature of life in the Horn of Africa. It takes multiple forms and is driven by numerous factors, including personal aspirations, economic exclusion and forced displacement as a...

The COVID-19 pandemic that swept over the world from early 2020 has triggered both health and economic shocks of unprecedented proportions in recent memory. Some estimates suggest that the...

What difference does a dollar a day make? For the poorest households in Jordan, many of whom escaped conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic, UNICEF Jordan’s Hajati humanitarian cash transfer programme...

The COVID-19 pandemic led to school closures around the world, affecting almost 1.6 billion students. The effects of even short disruptions in a child’s schooling on their learning and well-being have...

To identify best practices in S4D programming and achieve a stronger evidence base on how S4D interventions can work effectively, the Playing the Game report and Toolkit draw on ten qualitative in...

Teacher absenteeism is one of the most troubling obstacles on the path toward universal access to learning opportunities at school. Over the past decades, studies have found that teacher absenteeism...

The international standards for teaching time in a year are 880 hours. In The Gambia, dedicated teaching time in a year is 734 hours. This reduced time is exacerbated by teacher absenteeism that...

COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly disrupted the daily lives of children and adolescents, with increased time at home, online learning and limited physical social interaction. This report seeks to...

COVID-19 is a crisis like no other in modern times. It has reached every population and community. While the evidence base is still nascent, this report looks at the impacts of disasters and past...

The publication examines changes in the regulatory landscape in the member States of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), including the recent trend towards “better regulation”...