Competent National Authorities under the International Drug Control Treaties
This directory lists the competent national authorities empowered to issue certificates and authorizations for the import and export of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, and to regulate or enforce national controls over precursors and essential chemicals. The legal bases for designating these authorities are the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 (article 18), the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971 (article 16), and the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988 (article 12).
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) (Chinese)
Chemicals, through the different steps from their production to their handling, transport and use, are a real danger for human health and the environment. People of any ages, from children to elderly, using many different languages and alphabets, belonging to various social conditions, including illiterates, are daily confronted to dangerous products (chemicals, pesticides, etc.) To face this danger, and given the reality of the extensive global trade in chemicals and the need to develop national programs to ensure their safe use, transport and disposal, it was recognized that an internationally-harmonized approach to classification and labelling would provide the foundation for such programs. Once countries have consistent and appropriate information on the chemicals they import or produce in their own countries, the infrastructure to control chemical exposures and protect people and the environment can be established in a comprehensive manner. The new system, which was called "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)", addresses classification of chemicals by types of hazard and proposes harmonized hazard communication elements, including labels and safety data sheets. It aims at ensuring that information on physical hazards and toxicity from chemicals be available in order to enhance the protection of human health and the environment during the handling, transport and use of these chemicals. The GHS also provides a basis for harmonization of rules and regulations on chemicals at national, regional and worldwide level, an important factor also for trade facilitation. While governments, regional institutions and international organizations are the primary audiences for the GHS, it also contains sufficient context and guidance for those in industry who will ultimately be implementing the requirements which have been adopted.
Human Development Report (Chinese Version)
Human Development Reports (HDRs) have been released most years since 1990 and have explored different themes through the human development approach. They have had an extensive influence on development debate worldwide. The reports, produced by the Human Development Report Office for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), are ensured of editorial independence by the United Nation’s General Assembly
Human Rights Fact Sheet (Chinese language)
The Human Rights Fact Sheet series is published by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, United Nations Office at Geneva. It deals with selected questions of human rights that are under active consideration or are of particular interest. Human Rights Fact Sheets are intended to assist an ever-wider audience in better understanding basic human rights, what the United Nations is doing to promote and protect them, and the international machinery available to help realize those rights.
Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and their Precursors / Fabrication de stupéfiants, de substances psychotropes et de leurs précurseurs / Fabricación de estupefacientes, de sustancias sicotrópicas y de sus precursores
On a country-by-country basis, this publication lists national manufacturers authorized by Governments to manufacture or convert specific narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as manufacturers of precursor chemicals. Along with the name of manufacturers, readers will find contact details and the name of narcotic drugs and/or psychotropic substances each manufacturer is authorized to produce. It also includes a global list of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances actually manufactured or converted in the reporting year.
Pays par pays, la présente publication répertorie les fabricants nationaux autorisés par les gouvernements à produire ou à transformer certains stupéfiants et substances psychotropes, ainsi que les fabricants de précurseurs chimiques. Outre les noms des fabricants, les lecteurs trouveront leurs coordonnées et le nom des stupéfiants et/ou substances psychotropes que chaque fabricant est autorisé à produire. Il comprend également une liste globale des stupéfiants et des substances psychotropes effectivement fabriqués ou transformés au cours de l'année de référence.
En esta publicación se enumeran, país por país, los fabricantes nacionales autorizados por los gobiernos para fabricar o convertir estupefacientes y sustancias sicotrópicas específicos, así como los fabricantes de precursores químicos. Junto al nombre de los fabricantes, el lector encontrará los datos de contacto y el nombre de los estupefacientes y/o sustancias psicotrópicas que cada fabricante está autorizado a producir. También incluye una lista global de estupefacientes y sustancias psicotrópicas realmente fabricadas o convertidas en el año del informe.
Millennium Development Goals Report (Chinese)
This annual report presents the most comprehensive global assessment of progress to date, based on data provided by a large number of international organizations within and outside the United Nations system. The aggregate figures in the report provide an overview of regional progress under the eight goals and are a convenient way to track advances over time. The report is coordinated and published by the Statistics Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
Narcotic Drugs / Stupéfiants / Estupefacientes
This annual publication provides technical information on the licit movement of the internationally controlled narcotic drugs. The relevant 1961 Convention establishes strict controls on the cultivation of opium poppy, coca bush, cannabis plant and their products, which, in the Convention, are described as narcotic drugs; (although cocaine is a stimulant drug rather than one that induces sleep). Control is exercised over 136 narcotic drugs, mainly natural products, such as opium and its derivatives, morphine, codeine and heroin, but also synthetic drugs, such as methadone and pethidine, as well as cannabis and coca leaf. The production and distribution of controlled substances must be licensed and supervised, and governments must provide estimates and statistical returns on the quantities of drugs required, manufactured and utilized and the quantities seized by police and customs officers.
Cette publication annuelle fournit des informations techniques sur les mouvements licites des stupéfiants placés sous contrôle international. La Convention pertinente de 1961 établit des contrôles stricts sur la culture du pavot à opium, du cocaïer, de la plante de cannabis et de leurs produits, qui, dans la Convention, sont décrits comme des stupéfiants ; (bien que la cocaïne soit une drogue stimulante plutôt qu’induisant le sommeil). Le contrôle s'exerce sur 136 stupéfiants, principalement des produits naturels, comme l'opium et ses dérivés, la morphine, la codéine et l'héroïne, mais aussi des drogues de synthèse, comme la méthadone et la péthidine, ainsi que le cannabis et la feuille de coca. La production et la distribution de substances contrôlées doivent être autorisées et supervisées, et les gouvernements doivent fournir des estimations et des rapports statistiques sur les quantités de drogues requises, fabriquées et utilisées ainsi que les quantités saisies par la police et les agents de douanes.
Esta publicación anual proporciona información técnica sobre el movimiento lícito de drogas estupefacientes internacionalmente controladas. La relevante Convención de 1961 establece controles estrictos sobre el cultivo de la amapola de opio, la planta de coca, la planta de cannabis y sus productos, que en la Convención se describen como drogas estupefacientes (aunque la cocaína es una droga estimulante en lugar de inducir el sueño). Se ejerce control sobre 136 drogas estupefacientes, principalmente productos naturales como el opio y sus derivados, la morfina, la codeína y la heroína, pero también drogas sintéticas como la metadona y la petidina, así como cannabis y la hoja de coca. La producción y distribución de sustancias controladas deben contar con licencia y supervisión, y los gobiernos deben proporcionar estimaciones y informes estadísticos sobre las cantidades de drogas requeridas, fabricadas y utilizadas, así como las cantidades incautadas por la policía y los funcionarios de aduanas.
Precursors and Chemicals Frequently Used in the Illicit Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Chinese)
Most drug trafficking is carried out in secrecy and is divorced from legal commerce. However, not all of the process is clandestine and precursors trafficking often intersects with legitimate commerce or customs controls, e.g. in order to source materials or transport shipments. These cross over points provide an opportunity to stop incidents of trafficking by using regulatory and interdiction tools. Controlling the procurement of the chemicals necessary to manufacture and process drugs is such a tool.