Site search

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...

Transfer pricing methods raise important and contentious policy questions for both host and home governments, as well as transnational corporations, as they directly affect the amount of profit...

The legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment by transnational corporations into host countries, is a topic that raises questions central to...

The most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN) standard is a core element of international investment agreements, it gives investors a guarantee against certain forms of discrimination by host countries...

The concept of fair and equitable treatment, which has assumed prominence in investment relations between States, provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors and...

In international investment agreements, the national treatment standard extended by a host country to foreign investors, touches upon economically and politically sensitive issues as it seeks to...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Caspian Sea – the largest land-locked water body on earth, bordered by five countries and influenced by three more in the catchment area. The assessment...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Sea of Okhotsk region. Rapid population growth and economic development have led to increasing pollution loads in the Amur River basin...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Oyashio Current region – one of the most productive waters in East Asia. Changes in the hydrological cycle and ocean circulation have...

This report presents the assessment of Lakes Turkana, Tanganyika, Victoria and Malawi – the largest of the East African Rift Valley Lakes and among the oldest lakes in the world. The lakes are...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Mekong River region. Rapid economic development and population growth are increasing the demand for water, energy and food, necessitating more hydro...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Humboldt Current region. The world’s largest upwelling area, supporting highly productive fisheries, is located within the boundaries of the region. The...

This report presents the assessment of the GIWA Eastern Equatorial Pacific region, which includes parts of Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia. Pollution in the...