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This publication is largely based on the reports of country studies undertaken in Bangladesh, The Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Nepal and on papers on experience in renewable energy...

The Energy Resource Development Series is a biennial publication, which addresses a selected theme of current interest to analysts, policy makers and planners in the energy sector. This publication...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Caspian Sea – the largest land-locked water body on earth, bordered by five countries and influenced by three more in the catchment area. The assessment...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Sea of Okhotsk region. Rapid population growth and economic development have led to increasing pollution loads in the Amur River basin...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Oyashio Current region – one of the most productive waters in East Asia. Changes in the hydrological cycle and ocean circulation have...

This report presents the assessment of Lakes Turkana, Tanganyika, Victoria and Malawi – the largest of the East African Rift Valley Lakes and among the oldest lakes in the world. The lakes are...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Mekong River region. Rapid economic development and population growth are increasing the demand for water, energy and food, necessitating more hydro...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Humboldt Current region. The world’s largest upwelling area, supporting highly productive fisheries, is located within the boundaries of the region. The...

This report presents the assessment of the GIWA Eastern Equatorial Pacific region, which includes parts of Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia. Pollution in the...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Colombia & Venezuela and Central America & Mexico sub-systems. In the Colombia & Venezuela sub-system, coastal habitats are being...

Modern energy services are important to economic and social development, however, the current negative impacts of production, conversion and use of energy caused grave concern for the environment in...

This publication focuses on an in-depth analysis of the issues, policies and mechanisms in widening access to energy services in support of achieving sustainable development in rural areas of Asia and...

The growing demand for energy has become a serious concern to the global community due to dwindling fossil fuel resources and the environmental impact of unsustainable consumption and production...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Barents Sea region – one of the largest shallow continental shelf seas in the world and the most productive sea within the Arctic Ocean...

This report presents the assessment of Patagonian Shelf and associated river basins. The report focuses on the La Plata River Basin, the second largest watershed in South America, and the South...

This report presents the assessment of the GIWA region Brazil Current. Increased anthropogenic pressures due to economic development and urbanisation in the coastal area have polluted the water...

This report presents the assessment of the Amazon Basin – the largest basin on the planet and also one of the least understood. Although sparsely inhabited, the Basin is subject to extensive...

This report represents the GIWA Assessment of the Lake Chad Basin, which is located in one of the poorest and most drought prone regions in the world. Climatic variability and poor water governance...

This report presents the assessment of the Indian Ocean Islands, one of two oceanic assessments conducted by the GIWA. The region covers the Island States of Comoros, Mauritius, Madagascar and...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Small Islands sub-system of the Caribbean Sea region. Habitat and community modification, as a result of anthropogenic pressures, was found to cause the...