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The world economy has shifted markedly towards services. Services are critical to the development of a competitive business sector, however, foreign direct investment in services can generate concerns...

The publication analyses the universe of the largest transnational corporations TNCs globally and those from developing countries, the market concentration of these firms and the internationalization...

Many developing countries are looking to tourism as a potentially promising avenue for economic and human development. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is one of the routes through which developing...

The publication examines how six countries (Argentina, Mexico, Pakistan, Philippines, Ethiopia and Viet Nam) have been affected by the elimination of Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs). The...

Many developing countries are looking to tourism as a potentially promising avenue for economic and human development, and foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the routes through which they can...

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is recognized as an appropriate driving force for economic growth. To attract investment, countries have to meet set requirements. These requirements also apply to the...

This collection of papers and proceedings submitted by leading figures in the gas industry in Europe, North America and the Commonwealth of Independent States, deals with key issues and gives a unique...

For developing countries, the textiles and clothing industries have traditionally been an important gateway to industrialization and increased exports. With the expiration of the Agreement on Textiles...

Migration is a regular feature of life in the Horn of Africa. It takes multiple forms and is driven by numerous factors, including personal aspirations, economic exclusion and forced displacement as a...

The COVID-19 pandemic that swept over the world from early 2020 has triggered both health and economic shocks of unprecedented proportions in recent memory. Some estimates suggest that the...

What difference does a dollar a day make? For the poorest households in Jordan, many of whom escaped conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic, UNICEF Jordan’s Hajati humanitarian cash transfer programme...

The COVID-19 pandemic led to school closures around the world, affecting almost 1.6 billion students. The effects of even short disruptions in a child’s schooling on their learning and well-being have...

To identify best practices in S4D programming and achieve a stronger evidence base on how S4D interventions can work effectively, the Playing the Game report and Toolkit draw on ten qualitative in...

Teacher absenteeism is one of the most troubling obstacles on the path toward universal access to learning opportunities at school. Over the past decades, studies have found that teacher absenteeism...

The international standards for teaching time in a year are 880 hours. In The Gambia, dedicated teaching time in a year is 734 hours. This reduced time is exacerbated by teacher absenteeism that...

COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly disrupted the daily lives of children and adolescents, with increased time at home, online learning and limited physical social interaction. This report seeks to...

COVID-19 is a crisis like no other in modern times. It has reached every population and community. While the evidence base is still nascent, this report looks at the impacts of disasters and past...

This publication reviews and discusses future developments of energy/gas prices and competition and gas supply prospects. It focuses on central and eastern European countries (CEEs) gas markets and...

Natural gas in the European region represents the world's largest market for gas. Recognizing the importance of the gas sector to the region and the prospect that demand for gas will increase...

The Rate Design Manual focuses on the US experience in developing and implementing regulatory policies and measures designed to cover the various factors in designing gas rates by local distribution...