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Asian Economic Crisis

Causes, Consequences and Policy Lessons

Series: Development Papers
( Print: July 2000 )

The objective of the study is to promote better and wider understanding of the causes of the 1997 Asian economic crisis and to reflect on lessons that could be drawn for formulating policy responses...

The objective of the study is to promote better and wider understanding of the causes of the 1997 Asian economic crisis and to reflect on lessons that could be drawn for formulating policy responses...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2016

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( Print: January 2018, PDF: July 2017 )

The 2016 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains 135 individual country profiles, each comprising 40 indicators mostly related to the three main dimensions of commodity dependence...

The 2016 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains 135 individual country profiles, each comprising 40 indicators mostly related to the three main dimensions of commodity dependence...


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Export Diversification and Economic Growth

The Experience of Selected Least Developed Countries

Series: Development Papers
( Print: February 2005 )

It is generally agreed that export diversification in terms of both non-traditional and traditional commodities is critical to growth and development in small, low-income economies such as least...

It is generally agreed that export diversification in terms of both non-traditional and traditional commodities is critical to growth and development in small, low-income economies such as least...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2023

State of Commodity Dependence 2023

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( Print: July 2023, PDF: August 2023 )

A country is export commodity-dependent (from now on “commodity dependent”) when its exports are heavily concentrated on primary commodities. The source of commodity dependence can be linked to...

A country is export commodity-dependent (from now on “commodity dependent”) when its exports are heavily concentrated on primary commodities. The source of commodity dependence can be linked to...


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Income Generation and Poverty Reduction

Experiences of Selected Asian Countries

Series: Development Papers
( Print: June 2006, PDF: October 2006 )

The present volume of Development Papers addresses the subjects of poverty alleviation and income and employment generation in selected Asian Countries. It is based on country assessment studies...

The present volume of Development Papers addresses the subjects of poverty alleviation and income and employment generation in selected Asian Countries. It is based on country assessment studies...


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Microfinance for Poverty Reduction

Building Inclusive Financial Sectors in Asia and the Pacific

Series: Development Papers
( Print: January 2007, PDF: October 2006 )

The Asia Pacific region holds two thirds of the world’s poor. Over the past few decades the region has seen the development of microfinance institutions which offer a wide variety of financial...

The Asia Pacific region holds two thirds of the world’s poor. Over the past few decades the region has seen the development of microfinance institutions which offer a wide variety of financial...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2019

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( Print: June 2019, PDF: June 2019 )

This publication contains 189 individual country profiles, each comprising 30 indicators mostly related to the four main dimensions of commodity dependence, namely: merchandise and commodity export...

This publication contains 189 individual country profiles, each comprising 30 indicators mostly related to the four main dimensions of commodity dependence, namely: merchandise and commodity export...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2021

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( Print: October 2021, PDF: October 2021 )

This 2021 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains statistical profiles for 195 UNCTAD member States. Comprised of around 30 indicators, it demonstrates the extent of each country’s...

This 2021 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains statistical profiles for 195 UNCTAD member States. Comprised of around 30 indicators, it demonstrates the extent of each country’s...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2014

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( PDF: April 2015 )

The 2014 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains 135 individual country profiles presenting various that are comparable across countries. For every country, reference data are also...

The 2014 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains 135 individual country profiles presenting various that are comparable across countries. For every country, reference data are also...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2012

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( PDF: May 2012 )

The State of Commodity Dependence 2012 was prepared by the Special Unit on Commodities (SUC) of UNCTAD. This document aims to provide an individual country overview of the commodity-related situation...

The State of Commodity Dependence 2012 was prepared by the Special Unit on Commodities (SUC) of UNCTAD. This document aims to provide an individual country overview of the commodity-related situation...


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Rural Development and Poverty in South Asia

Series: Development Papers
( Print: June 2004 )

This paper discusses efforts to promote rural development in the countries of South Asia whose economies remain heavily dependent on their agricultural production. The report also examines the impact...

This paper discusses efforts to promote rural development in the countries of South Asia whose economies remain heavily dependent on their agricultural production. The report also examines the impact...


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Integrating Economic and Environmental Policies

The Case of Pacific Island Countries

Series: Development Papers
( Print: November 2005, PDF: October 2006 )

Countries have increasingly recognized that integration of economic and environmental considerations is an imminent challenge in formulating effective sustainable development policies. This volume...

Countries have increasingly recognized that integration of economic and environmental considerations is an imminent challenge in formulating effective sustainable development policies. This volume...


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UNCITRAL Digest of Case Law on the United Nations Convention on the International Sale of Goods

Series: UNCITRAL Digest of Case Law on the United Nations Convention on the International Sale of Goods
( Print: October 2008, PDF: January 2009 )

The United Nations Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG) is an important tool for international trade which provides a standardized framework for contracts of sale of goods between...

The United Nations Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG) is an important tool for international trade which provides a standardized framework for contracts of sale of goods between...


Social Costs of Economic Restructuring in Asia and the Pacific

Series: Development Papers
( Print: July 1994 )

Studies conducted in the countries of China, India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand are used to highlight the...

Studies conducted in the countries of China, India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand are used to highlight the...


Human Resources Development

Effectiveness of Programme Delivery at the Local Level in Countries of the ESCAP Region

Series: Development Papers
( Print: May 1996 )

For the countries of the region, this publication provides information such as: country profile; development policies; plans and programmes; education and literacy; health and family planning...

For the countries of the region, this publication provides information such as: country profile; development policies; plans and programmes; education and literacy; health and family planning...


Integrating Environmental Considerations into Economic Policy Making

Institutional Issues

Series: Development Papers
( Print: June 2000 )

This volume focuses on institutional mechanisms for integrating environment into economic policy-making in selected countries of the ESCAP region. In particular it examines existing institutional...

This volume focuses on institutional mechanisms for integrating environment into economic policy-making in selected countries of the ESCAP region. In particular it examines existing institutional...


Control and Management of Government Expenditure, The

Issues and Experience in Asian Countries

Series: Development Papers
( Print: March 1994 )

With the information gathered from numerous case studies of countries in the Asian region, this publication presents results and in-depth analysis of the control and management of government...

With the information gathered from numerous case studies of countries in the Asian region, this publication presents results and in-depth analysis of the control and management of government...


Policy Analysis Through Macro-Models

Issues, Techniques and Applications in Selected Developing Asian Countries

Series: Development Papers
( Print: March 1994 )

This publication is a compilation of technical papers on macroeconomic planning techniques by senior officers and policy makers

This publication is a compilation of technical papers on macroeconomic planning techniques by senior officers and policy makers


Foreign Investment, Trade and Economic Co-Operation in the Asian and Pacific Region

Series: Development Papers
( Print: June 1992 )

A collection of papers on economic cooperation through foreign investment.

A collection of papers on economic cooperation through foreign investment.


Integrating Environmental Considerations into Economic Policy Making Processes

Background Readings - Modalities for Environmental Assessments, Country Studies on Flood Loss...

Series: Development Papers
( Print: March 2000 )

Development strategies in the Asia and the Pacific region are heavily focused on fostering economic growth and do not always focus on the detrimental environmental effects of the modalities used to...

Development strategies in the Asia and the Pacific region are heavily focused on fostering economic growth and do not always focus on the detrimental environmental effects of the modalities used to...