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Standards and regulations are an integral, if easily overlooked, part of our daily life. They determine whether a plug fits into a socket, whether food is safe for human consumption or whether a bank...

This report looks at the missing link to inclusive growth for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), which are less productive relative to large firms in the developing world than in the developed world...

This year’s report focuses on regional trade, the most common form of trade for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It contains 50 country profiles, featuring detailed SME competitiveness...

This SME Competitiveness Outlook assesses the impact of conflict and fragility on business performance. It unveils a Fragility Exposure Index, and shows that fragility, as experienced by firms, can be...

Our services sectors are key to an economic transformation. This report calls them ‘connected services. Transport and logistics, financial services, information and communication technologies, and...

This study examines the issue of how to measure the effectiveness of Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) within the context of recent trade and environment discussions. The three MEAs...

This publication provides an analytical framework for international consideration of the issue on fisheries subsidies, trade and the environment. It views natural resource subsidies in economic theory...

Growing international trade has made the economies of nations inter-dependent and this has had, among other things, implications for environmental policy. Global Product Chains is a helpful instrument...

This publication illustrates how safety requirements in the field of biotechnology can sometimes take the form of trade measures when they create a restriction on trade to protect the environment and...

This publication provides information on the environmental characteristics of three products: paper, laundry detergents, and textiles. It gives an overview of environmental criteria in each of the...

The SME Competitiveness Outlook 2021 analyses how small businesses can rebuild from the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic so they are better prepared to face the looming crisis of climate change. It...

Increasing annual investments in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries by $1 trilling would yield disproportionate dividends in terms of progress towards the Sustainable...

New technologies like advanced robotics, 3-D printing, big data and the internet of things are rapidly changing the way in which firms do business. A strong business ecosystem is necessary to manage...

Issued annually, this publication gives an annual ECE/FAO price review of products such as dairy, meats and other agricultural produce. It also covers selected inputs including feed, fertilizer and...

Issued annually, this publication gives an annual ECE/FAO price review of products.

This publication is released at a time where the world is carefully moving out of the 'great lockdown' stemming from the coronavirus pandemic, a partial or complete lockdown of the majority of...

Below the grand structural framework of anlyses there is an enormous amount which can be and is being done in the formalization and harmonization of tests, decision making procedures and the use and...

This paper provides an overview of the history of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, examines the necessity and effectiveness of the Protocol's trade measures and...

In 1989, environmental concerns led to the adoption of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal. This publication outlines some of the...