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Green consumerism has been on the rise in Germany and is increasingly bearing upon markets of key export interest to developing countries. This publication reviews the consequences of this phenomenon...

This report assesses a number of potential agricultural alternatives to production and export marketing of tobacco from Malawi. It provides analysis and findings on current profitability of...

The 2016 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains 135 individual country profiles, each comprising 40 indicators mostly related to the three main dimensions of commodity dependence...

A country is export commodity-dependent (from now on “commodity dependent”) when its exports are heavily concentrated on primary commodities. The source of commodity dependence can be linked to...

This publication contains 189 individual country profiles, each comprising 30 indicators mostly related to the four main dimensions of commodity dependence, namely: merchandise and commodity export...

This 2021 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains statistical profiles for 195 UNCTAD member States. Comprised of around 30 indicators, it demonstrates the extent of each country’s...

The 2014 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains 135 individual country profiles presenting various that are comparable across countries. For every country, reference data are also...

The State of Commodity Dependence 2012 was prepared by the Special Unit on Commodities (SUC) of UNCTAD. This document aims to provide an individual country overview of the commodity-related situation...

This publication reviews two specific aspects of the cycle of rubber products. The first one, is the use of international instruments for making scrap tyre management as environmentally sound as...

The International Environmental technology centre (IETC) was established 1994 by the United Nations Environment Programme. One of its main functions is to promote the application of environmentally...

Due to increasing population, changing lifestyles and escalating human activities, the total global demand for water resources is increasing. The Shiga International Forum on Water brought together...

This publication is an outcome of a training programme for Sub-Saharan Africa on the utilization of Environmental Technology Assessment (EnTA) for decision-making in the management of Environmentally...

This publication is an outcome of a seminar on Environmentally Sound Technologies in the field of municipal solid waste management. It presents an overview of solid waste management principles...

This publication is an outcome of the regional workshop for Asia and the Pacific on adopting, applying and promoting environmentally sound technologies (ESTs). It contains session outlines including...

This publication is an outcome of a Pilot Workshop on adopting, applying and operating environmentally sound technologies (ESTs). Materials of this Workshop provide a platform for discussion and...

Adequate freshwater supply is the most important precondition for sustaining human life and for achieving sustainable development. Recognizing the importance of freshwater, the UNEP International...

This publication is an outcome of the Workshop devoted to enhancement of awareness and the development of the capabilities in the field of wastewater treatment at regional and national levels...

Water quality management has been identified as a high priority issue for the Mekong River Basin. Because of growing development pressures on the Mekong River and on water quality in particular, UNEP...