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This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...

Today, there are over 20 countries classified as transition economies. It is undeniable that a basic and essential challenge for all transition economies is still the attraction of investment and, in...

This publication summarizes the proceedings of the Round Table on Standards, Norms and Regulations and their Impact on International Trade, focused primarily on central and eastern European countries...

This publication discusses the different aspects of transition Poland has experienced during the last decade. The guide looks at encouraging private entrepreneurship; problems of stock exchanges in a...

The development of foreign trade in the transition economies depends largely on the availability of competitive exports and convertible currency funds for imports. This publication addresses practical...

This study provides unique information on underground gas storage (UGS) in Europe and Central Asia in the following areas: new and emerging technologies and improvements in UGS; current UGS status in...

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...

This publication is prepared in the framework of the United Nations Development Account project “Promoting Energy Efficiency Investments for Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainable Development”...

This publication is prepared in the framework of the United Nations Development Account project “Promoting Energy Efficiency Investments for Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainable Development”...

The rapid development of the services sector in domestic and international trade has been a major feature of the world’s economic development over the last thirty or more years. At the same time...

Coal mines are not only a safety management challenge but also a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Methane release during coal mining creates unsafe working conditions in underground coal...

Coal mines are not only a safety management challenge but also a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Methane release during coal mining creates unsafe working conditions in underground coal...

This publication represents the final report of the United Nations Framework Classification for Fossil Energy and Mineral Resources (UNFC) Mapping Task Force, however it should be seen as an interim...

Developments in the energy markets, particularly for hydrocarbons, over the last decade have contributed to an increased sense of vulnerability among countries about the future availability of...