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Transfer of Technology

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: February 2002 )

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...


Trends in International Investment Agreements

An Overview

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...


Lessons from the MAI

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...


Economic Report on Africa 1999

The Challenge of Poverty Reduction and Sustainability

Series: Economic Report on Africa
( Print: February 2000 )

The Economic Report on Africa (ERA) reviews the performance of the region's economy during the past year and considers the prospects for the short and medium term. With a special focus on poverty...

The Economic Report on Africa (ERA) reviews the performance of the region's economy during the past year and considers the prospects for the short and medium term. With a special focus on poverty...


Rapport économique sur l'Afrique 1999

La problématique de la lutte contre la pauvreté et de la viabilité économique

Series: Rapport économique sur l'Afrique
( Print: February 2000 )

Cette édition du Rapport Economique sur l’Afrique (REA) est substantiellement différente des versions antérieures. Son contenu est largement réorienté afin de répondre aux besoins changeants, et d...

Cette édition du Rapport Economique sur l’Afrique (REA) est substantiellement différente des versions antérieures. Son contenu est largement réorienté afin de répondre aux besoins changeants, et d...


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Illicit Payments

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: November 2001 )

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...


Home Country Measures

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: December 2001 )

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...


Foreign Direct Investment and Development

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...


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Economic Report on Africa 2002

Tracking Performance and Progress

Series: Economic Report on Africa
( Print: September 2002, PDF: September 2002 )

Africa was the only developing region to accelerate its growth in a turbulent year that saw the synchronized slowdown of all major economies and heightened uncertainty about prospects for the world’s...

Africa was the only developing region to accelerate its growth in a turbulent year that saw the synchronized slowdown of all major economies and heightened uncertainty about prospects for the world’s...


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Economic Report on Africa 2015 - Industrializing Through Trade

Industrializing Through Trade

Series: Economic Report on Africa
( Print: July 2015, PDF: June 2015 )

This Report examines and provides analysis on the critical elements of effectively fostering industrialisation and hence structural transformation based on extensive review of experience with...

This Report examines and provides analysis on the critical elements of effectively fostering industrialisation and hence structural transformation based on extensive review of experience with...


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Rapport économique sur l'Afrique 2015

l’industrialisation par le commerce

Series: Rapport économique sur l'Afrique
( Print: June 2016, PDF: April 2016 )

Le présent rapport examine et analyse les éléments essentiels permettant de favoriser efficacement l’industrialisation et, partant, la transformation structurelle, en se fondant sur un examen...

Le présent rapport examine et analyse les éléments essentiels permettant de favoriser efficacement l’industrialisation et, partant, la transformation structurelle, en se fondant sur un examen...


Economic Report on Africa 2000

Transforming Africa's Economies

Series: Economic Report on Africa
( PDF: December 2000 )

Many African economies are still characterized by a heavy reliance on the primary sector, high vulnerability to external shocks, jobless growth and slow progress towards social development. It is...

Many African economies are still characterized by a heavy reliance on the primary sector, high vulnerability to external shocks, jobless growth and slow progress towards social development. It is...


Investment-Related Trade Measures

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: August 1999 )

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...


Scope and Definition

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...


Transfer Pricing

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

Transfer pricing methods raise important and contentious policy questions for both host and home governments, as well as transnational corporations, as they directly affect the amount of profit...

Transfer pricing methods raise important and contentious policy questions for both host and home governments, as well as transnational corporations, as they directly affect the amount of profit...


Admission and Establishment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: May 1999 )

The legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment by transnational corporations into host countries, is a topic that raises questions central to...

The legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment by transnational corporations into host countries, is a topic that raises questions central to...


Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

The most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN) standard is a core element of international investment agreements, it gives investors a guarantee against certain forms of discrimination by host countries...

The most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN) standard is a core element of international investment agreements, it gives investors a guarantee against certain forms of discrimination by host countries...


Fair and Equitable Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: September 1999 )

The concept of fair and equitable treatment, which has assumed prominence in investment relations between States, provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors and...

The concept of fair and equitable treatment, which has assumed prominence in investment relations between States, provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors and...


National Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: November 1999 )

In international investment agreements, the national treatment standard extended by a host country to foreign investors, touches upon economically and politically sensitive issues as it seeks to...

In international investment agreements, the national treatment standard extended by a host country to foreign investors, touches upon economically and politically sensitive issues as it seeks to...


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Economic Report on Africa 2016

Greening Africa's Industrialization

Series: Economic Report on Africa
( Print: May 2016, PDF: April 2016 )

The 2016 edition of the Economic Report on Africa (ERA 2016) focuses on greening industrialization and highlights sustainable and people-centred industrialization. Given the impacts of climate change...

The 2016 edition of the Economic Report on Africa (ERA 2016) focuses on greening industrialization and highlights sustainable and people-centred industrialization. Given the impacts of climate change...