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Transfer of Technology

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: February 2002 )

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...


Trends in International Investment Agreements

An Overview

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...


Lessons from the MAI

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...


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Illicit Payments

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: November 2001 )

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...


Home Country Measures

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: December 2001 )

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...


Foreign Direct Investment and Development

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...


Investment-Related Trade Measures

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: August 1999 )

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...


Scope and Definition

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...


Transfer Pricing

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

Transfer pricing methods raise important and contentious policy questions for both host and home governments, as well as transnational corporations, as they directly affect the amount of profit...

Transfer pricing methods raise important and contentious policy questions for both host and home governments, as well as transnational corporations, as they directly affect the amount of profit...


Admission and Establishment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: May 1999 )

The legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment by transnational corporations into host countries, is a topic that raises questions central to...

The legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment by transnational corporations into host countries, is a topic that raises questions central to...


Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

The most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN) standard is a core element of international investment agreements, it gives investors a guarantee against certain forms of discrimination by host countries...

The most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN) standard is a core element of international investment agreements, it gives investors a guarantee against certain forms of discrimination by host countries...


Fair and Equitable Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: September 1999 )

The concept of fair and equitable treatment, which has assumed prominence in investment relations between States, provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors and...

The concept of fair and equitable treatment, which has assumed prominence in investment relations between States, provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors and...


National Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: November 1999 )

In international investment agreements, the national treatment standard extended by a host country to foreign investors, touches upon economically and politically sensitive issues as it seeks to...

In international investment agreements, the national treatment standard extended by a host country to foreign investors, touches upon economically and politically sensitive issues as it seeks to...


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Assessing compliance with the Nelson Mandela Rules

A checklist for internal inspection mechanisms

Series: Criminal Justice Handbook Series
( Print: February 2018, PDF: January 2018 )

The overall purpose of this checklist is to assist Member States in conducting internal or administrative inspections to assess compliance of their national prison systems with the Nelson Mandela...

The overall purpose of this checklist is to assist Member States in conducting internal or administrative inspections to assess compliance of their national prison systems with the Nelson Mandela...


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Resource Book on the Use of Force and Firearms in Law Enforcement

Series: Criminal Justice Handbook Series
( Print: February 2018, PDF: January 2018 )

This resource book explores international law sources relevant to the use of force and the general responsibility of law enforcement authorities for the use of force. It discusses a number of...

This resource book explores international law sources relevant to the use of force and the general responsibility of law enforcement authorities for the use of force. It discusses a number of...


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Roadmap for the Development of Prison-based Rehabilitation Programmes

Series: Criminal Justice Handbook Series
( Print: February 2018, PDF: January 2018 )

The Roadmap for the Development of Prison-based Rehabilitation Programs focuses on the three core areas of education, vocational training and work in prisons.

The Roadmap for the Development of Prison-based Rehabilitation Programs focuses on the three core areas of education, vocational training and work in prisons.


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Handbook on Anti-Corruption Measures in Prisons

Series: Criminal Justice Handbook Series
( PDF: January 2018 )

Through this handbook, UNODC seeks to formally acknowledge and articulate a problem endured by all jurisdictions and to underline the international commitment to addressing it. The aim of this...

Through this handbook, UNODC seeks to formally acknowledge and articulate a problem endured by all jurisdictions and to underline the international commitment to addressing it. The aim of this...


Taking of Property

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

The taking of private assets by public authorities raises significant issues of international law, where such takings involve the assets of foreign private investors. This publication examines the...

The taking of private assets by public authorities raises significant issues of international law, where such takings involve the assets of foreign private investors. This publication examines the...


Taxation

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: August 2000 )

This publication describes how various international tax issues related to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) have been addressed in international investment agreements (IIAs) and in international tax...

This publication describes how various international tax issues related to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) have been addressed in international investment agreements (IIAs) and in international tax...


Employment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: August 2000 )

This publication examines the management of employment issues in the area of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Transnational Corporations (TNCs). It provides an analysis of the coverage of...

This publication examines the management of employment issues in the area of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Transnational Corporations (TNCs). It provides an analysis of the coverage of...