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(Re)democratization in much of Latin America has had to confront a legacy of civil war or political repression, as well as the social dilemmas inherent in the integration of the region into the global...

The transition of the former socialist countries and East and Central Europe to a pluralistic, democratic system of governance and a modern market economy has involved historically-unparalleled...

In a number of states of East and Southeast Asia, democratization occurred or was consolidated in the early 1990s but irrespective of the level of democratization, economic performance has been a...

Part I of this report assesses trends and developments in regional trade and investment flows and policies in an attempt to provide the insights and information necessary to separate the cyclical from...

This publication examines how the three elements of regional integration, innovation and competitiveness are interlinked. It explores the prospects for harnessing them within the framework of Africa’s...

This publication comes at a time of renewed enthusiasm for shortening the period of the vision of the Abuja Treaty. The publication's overall objective is to provide analytical research that defines...

This publication addresses a number of key issues that would determine the success or failure of sustainable democratization in the countries of the Middle East. Drawing on conceptual and country...

The Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report (APTIR) is a major annual publication of the Trade, Investment and Innovation Division of United Nations ESCAP. It aims to deepen understanding of trends...

The African Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA) promises to give a significant boost to the continent’s economy and, in particular, to support industrialization and structural transformation. In this...

This report aims to deepen understanding of trends and developments in trade, investment and regional integration in the Asia-Pacific region; emerging issues in trade, investment and trade...

Digital technologies are revolutionizing the landscape of international trade and investment. As digital trade gains momentum, disparities in readiness are accentuating pre-existing inequalities...

This report provides a comprehensive evaluation of the state of Africa's integration process, showing where efforts have succeeded or failed including why intra African trade remains low; and how lack...

This overview is drawn from the groundbreaking policy research report “Assessing Regional Integration in Africa” (Sales No. E.04.II.K.3). It reflects on the integration agenda, revisits some of its...

This report aims at deepening understanding of trends and developments in trade, investment and regional integration in the Asia-Pacific region. It looks at emerging issues in trade, investment and...

The tenth edition of the report on Assessing Regional Integration in Africa (ARIA X) is on the theme: “Africa’s services trade liberalization and integration under the AfCFTA”. The report seeks to...

Signed by 52 African countries, the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) is, by the number of participating countries, the largest trade agreement since the formation of the WTO. This report...

When the economic crisis hit Asia and the Pacific in the course of 2008, exports and economic growth rates tumbled while unemployment rose sharply and results for 2009 look set to be even worse. The...

This publication comes at a time of renewed enthusiasm for shortening the period of the vision of the Abuja Treaty. The publication's overall objective is to provide analytical research that defines...

This report identifies the challenges and opportunities for trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region concluding that with the right policies and strengthened regional cooperation, the region...

This report examines the effectiveness of Africa’s regional economic communities in pushing forward the regional integration agenda towards the objectives of the Abuja Treaty establishing the African...