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This Report reveals efforts of the Halons Technical Options Committee (HTOC) to identify, develop and test alternatives that can used in place of the halons. Under the Montreal Protocol on Substances...

Report of the Flexible and Rigid Foams Technical Options Committee (FTOC) provides information on the technical options available to eliminate chloroflurocarbons and use of other ozone depleting...

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer requires periodic assessments of available scientific, environmental, technical and economic information. This 2002 Assessment focuses...

The Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee (MBTOC) was established by parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer to identify existing and potential alternatives to...

In the last decade, the refrigeration, airconditioning and heat pump industries, have made tremendous technical progress in compyling with the Montreal Protocol by phasing out chlorofluorocarbons...

Report of the Solvents and Adhesives Technical Options Committee (STOC) 2002 provides the progress report and status of efforts by this committee to phase out the use of solvents, coatings and...

The Report of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel 2002 (TEAP) contains executive summaries from six Panel Technical Options Committees. The committee summaries included cover aerosols...

In response to the scientific consensus that chlorofluorocarbons and halons deplete the ozone layer, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) enacted the Montreal Protocol as the principal...

Global warming will surpass 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels during the next decade, due to greenhouse gas emissions. The constant rise in temperatures and related impacts combine with other...

Droughts have deep, widespread and underestimated impacts on societies, ecosystems, and economies. They incur costs that are borne disproportionately by the most vulnerable people. The extensive...

This report is the product of the contributions of nations, public and private risk-related science and research experts, amongst others. It contributes to achieving the Sendai Framework for Disaster...

The central question for this year's report is how governance systems can evolve to better address the systemic risks of the future. In today’s crowded and interconnected world, disaster impacts...

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed so that the phase out schedules could be revised on the basis of periodic scientific and technological assessments. Since...

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed so that the phase out schedules could be revised on the basis of periodic scientific and technological assessments. Since...

The Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction (GAR) is a major initiative of the UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR). It contributes to the achievement of the Hyogo...

This publication is the third biennial report coordinated by the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR). The first and second reports focused primarily on public policy and the...

2015 is a critical year for the future of sustainable development. The 2015 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction highlights the connections between disaster risk and development and...

This publication presents the responses and recommendations of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Technology and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP) to the requests of action formulated by...