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There is a growing concern among the international community that a pending water crisis is threatening the entire global population, not only those living in arid to semi-arid areas. This Report, the...

There is a growing concern among the international community that a pending water crisis is threatening the entire global population, not only those living in arid to semi-arid areas. This Report, the...

This report focuses on national and regional capacities for the management of shared water resources in ESCWA member countries. Specific attention is paid to the legal frameworks for shared water...

The Arab Ministerial Water Council (AMWC) took the initiative to establish a regional monitoring mechanism for water and sanitation services that builds upon indicators globally monitored under the...

This report offers an analytical framework and a series of case studies for understanding the water-energy-food security nexus in the Arab region. The analytical framework considers the interlinkages...

This Report reveals efforts of the Halons Technical Options Committee (HTOC) to identify, develop and test alternatives that can used in place of the halons. Under the Montreal Protocol on Substances...

Report of the Flexible and Rigid Foams Technical Options Committee (FTOC) provides information on the technical options available to eliminate chloroflurocarbons and use of other ozone depleting...

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer requires periodic assessments of available scientific, environmental, technical and economic information. This 2002 Assessment focuses...

The Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee (MBTOC) was established by parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer to identify existing and potential alternatives to...

In the last decade, the refrigeration, airconditioning and heat pump industries, have made tremendous technical progress in compyling with the Montreal Protocol by phasing out chlorofluorocarbons...

Report of the Solvents and Adhesives Technical Options Committee (STOC) 2002 provides the progress report and status of efforts by this committee to phase out the use of solvents, coatings and...

The Report of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel 2002 (TEAP) contains executive summaries from six Panel Technical Options Committees. The committee summaries included cover aerosols...

In response to the scientific consensus that chlorofluorocarbons and halons deplete the ozone layer, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) enacted the Montreal Protocol as the principal...

The present study addresses the gap in understanding socio-economic drought in the ESCWA region. It aims to raise awareness of the importance of developing drought detection, preparedness and...

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed so that the phase out schedules could be revised on the basis of periodic scientific and technological assessments. Since...

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed so that the phase out schedules could be revised on the basis of periodic scientific and technological assessments. Since...

This publication presents the responses and recommendations of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Technology and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP) to the requests of action formulated by...