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Part I of this report assesses trends and developments in regional trade and investment flows and policies in an attempt to provide the insights and information necessary to separate the cyclical from...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Caspian Sea – the largest land-locked water body on earth, bordered by five countries and influenced by three more in the catchment area. The assessment...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Sea of Okhotsk region. Rapid population growth and economic development have led to increasing pollution loads in the Amur River basin...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Oyashio Current region – one of the most productive waters in East Asia. Changes in the hydrological cycle and ocean circulation have...

This report presents the assessment of Lakes Turkana, Tanganyika, Victoria and Malawi – the largest of the East African Rift Valley Lakes and among the oldest lakes in the world. The lakes are...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Mekong River region. Rapid economic development and population growth are increasing the demand for water, energy and food, necessitating more hydro...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Humboldt Current region. The world’s largest upwelling area, supporting highly productive fisheries, is located within the boundaries of the region. The...

This report presents the assessment of the GIWA Eastern Equatorial Pacific region, which includes parts of Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia. Pollution in the...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Colombia & Venezuela and Central America & Mexico sub-systems. In the Colombia & Venezuela sub-system, coastal habitats are being...

The Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report (APTIR) is a major annual publication of the Trade, Investment and Innovation Division of United Nations ESCAP. It aims to deepen understanding of trends...

This report aims to deepen understanding of trends and developments in trade, investment and regional integration in the Asia-Pacific region; emerging issues in trade, investment and trade...

This paper discusses why the UNECE countries have chosen rather different models of welfare state and, more generally, alternative policies to fight poverty. In particular, the paper focuses upon why...

The objective of the “Blue book” is to establish an inventory of existing and envisaged standards and parameters of E waterways and ports in Europe and to show, on an internationally comparable basis...

This Paper argues that the challenges posed by resource dependence can be overcome if accompanied by the right economic policies. It then analyzes what these policies are, and how to set up economic...

Digital technologies are revolutionizing the landscape of international trade and investment. As digital trade gains momentum, disparities in readiness are accentuating pre-existing inequalities...

This report aims at deepening understanding of trends and developments in trade, investment and regional integration in the Asia-Pacific region. It looks at emerging issues in trade, investment and...

The continued growth of the European Union (EU) will have important economic consequences both for the EU member states and for their trading partners, especially those at the new borders of the...

This paper discusses the role of institutions in economic development. The author puts forward an argument that the considerable gap in real income per capita between richer and poorer countries...