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Standards and regulations are an integral, if easily overlooked, part of our daily life. They determine whether a plug fits into a socket, whether food is safe for human consumption or whether a bank...

This report looks at the missing link to inclusive growth for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), which are less productive relative to large firms in the developing world than in the developed world...

This year’s report focuses on regional trade, the most common form of trade for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It contains 50 country profiles, featuring detailed SME competitiveness...

This SME Competitiveness Outlook assesses the impact of conflict and fragility on business performance. It unveils a Fragility Exposure Index, and shows that fragility, as experienced by firms, can be...

Our services sectors are key to an economic transformation. This report calls them ‘connected services. Transport and logistics, financial services, information and communication technologies, and...

The SME Competitiveness Outlook 2021 analyses how small businesses can rebuild from the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic so they are better prepared to face the looming crisis of climate change. It...

Increasing annual investments in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries by $1 trilling would yield disproportionate dividends in terms of progress towards the Sustainable...

New technologies like advanced robotics, 3-D printing, big data and the internet of things are rapidly changing the way in which firms do business. A strong business ecosystem is necessary to manage...

This publication discusses the potential uses of space-based weapons against air and ground targets; military and civilian activities; verification means available; the establishment and verification...

This index serves as a quick means to find paragraphs in the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), an elaborate and complex multilateral disarmament treaty. Scholars, diplomats, scientists, politicians...

Europe is experiencing a dramatic population change. This publication explains the demographic trends and structures causing this phenomenon. It identifies who are migrating, to where they are...

Analyzes the instability and insecurity throughout Albania, Bulgaria, Romania and Yugoslavia after the demise of the communist rule. It discusses the history and origins of ethnic friction as well as...

This study looks back into the legacy of colonialism in the ten geographically contiguous countries generally known as Southern Africa, the post-colonial factors of apartheid and destabilization and...

Legal policy and the diverse, complex and ambiguous verification processes are identified.

This research paper analyzes the highly ambiguous consequences of the Washington Treaty for security, common or individual, for strategic systems, for disarmament and for arms control, whether in...

This publication is released at a time where the world is carefully moving out of the 'great lockdown' stemming from the coronavirus pandemic, a partial or complete lockdown of the majority of...

This research paper deals with the Third Convention as well as the First and Second on issues such as scope of obligations, verification and complaints procedures, confidence-building measures and...

This is a compilation of papers by experts in the fields of disarmament, environment and development. The papers presented include: a comprehensive framework for action; a biospheric perspective...

This publication evaluates the first six inspections under resolution 687 and the possible consequences for the safeguards system of the IAEA in Iraq and for the control system of the Treaty on the...

Resolution 687 adopted on 3 April 1991 by the Security Council, is a veritable legal monument. Its purpose was to put an end to the international conflict stemming from the occupation and annexation...