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International Trade Rules

An Answer Book on the WTO Agreements for Small and Medium-sized Exporters

Series: Trade Secrets Series
( Print: November 2001 )

This publication examines the impact of multilateral trade agreements on international trade flows. It takes a look at the world trading system (WTO) in relation to small and medium-sized enterprises...

This publication examines the impact of multilateral trade agreements on international trade flows. It takes a look at the world trading system (WTO) in relation to small and medium-sized enterprises...


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Export Quality Management

An Answer Book for Small and Medium-sized Exporters

Series: Trade Secrets Series
( Print: May 2002 )

The Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations significantly reduced tariff barriers to trade. However, exporters continue to face non-tariff barriers in the form of standards, technical...

The Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations significantly reduced tariff barriers to trade. However, exporters continue to face non-tariff barriers in the form of standards, technical...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2016

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( Print: January 2018, PDF: July 2017 )

The 2016 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains 135 individual country profiles, each comprising 40 indicators mostly related to the three main dimensions of commodity dependence...

The 2016 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains 135 individual country profiles, each comprising 40 indicators mostly related to the three main dimensions of commodity dependence...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2023

State of Commodity Dependence 2023

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( Print: July 2023, PDF: August 2023 )

A country is export commodity-dependent (from now on “commodity dependent”) when its exports are heavily concentrated on primary commodities. The source of commodity dependence can be linked to...

A country is export commodity-dependent (from now on “commodity dependent”) when its exports are heavily concentrated on primary commodities. The source of commodity dependence can be linked to...


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Biometrics and International Migration

Series: International Migration Law
( Print: December 2005 )

This publication focuses on the impact of the rapid expansion in the use of biometric systems in migration management on the rights of individuals. It seeks to highlight legal issues for consideration...

This publication focuses on the impact of the rapid expansion in the use of biometric systems in migration management on the rights of individuals. It seeks to highlight legal issues for consideration...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2019

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( Print: June 2019, PDF: June 2019 )

This publication contains 189 individual country profiles, each comprising 30 indicators mostly related to the four main dimensions of commodity dependence, namely: merchandise and commodity export...

This publication contains 189 individual country profiles, each comprising 30 indicators mostly related to the four main dimensions of commodity dependence, namely: merchandise and commodity export...


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Glossary on Migration

Series: International Migration Law
( Print: December 2004 )

Migration is increasingly being acknowledged as an issue that needs a global approach and coordinated responses. States are not only discussing migration issues at the bilateral level, but also...

Migration is increasingly being acknowledged as an issue that needs a global approach and coordinated responses. States are not only discussing migration issues at the bilateral level, but also...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2021

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( Print: October 2021, PDF: October 2021 )

This 2021 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains statistical profiles for 195 UNCTAD member States. Comprised of around 30 indicators, it demonstrates the extent of each country’s...

This 2021 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains statistical profiles for 195 UNCTAD member States. Comprised of around 30 indicators, it demonstrates the extent of each country’s...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2014

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( PDF: April 2015 )

The 2014 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains 135 individual country profiles presenting various that are comparable across countries. For every country, reference data are also...

The 2014 edition of the State of Commodity Dependence contains 135 individual country profiles presenting various that are comparable across countries. For every country, reference data are also...


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State of Commodity Dependence 2012

Series: The State of Commodity Dependence
( PDF: May 2012 )

The State of Commodity Dependence 2012 was prepared by the Special Unit on Commodities (SUC) of UNCTAD. This document aims to provide an individual country overview of the commodity-related situation...

The State of Commodity Dependence 2012 was prepared by the Special Unit on Commodities (SUC) of UNCTAD. This document aims to provide an individual country overview of the commodity-related situation...


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Migration and the Right to Health

A Review of European Community Law and Council of Europe Instruments

Series: International Migration Law
( Print: February 2008 )

This study aims at providing a legal perspective on migration health in Europe through a review of European Community Law and Council of Europe instruments. Health inequalities between host...

This study aims at providing a legal perspective on migration health in Europe through a review of European Community Law and Council of Europe instruments. Health inequalities between host...


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Secrets of Electronic Commerce

A Guide for Small and Medium-sized Exporters

Series: Trade Secrets Series
( Print: November 2001 )

This handbook provides an introduction to electronic commerce. It covers a variety of topics including: developing e-commerce strategies; online market research; online marketing; online communication...

This handbook provides an introduction to electronic commerce. It covers a variety of topics including: developing e-commerce strategies; online market research; online marketing; online communication...


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Les Clefs du Commerce Electronique

Guide à l'Intention des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises Exportatrices

Series: Trade Secrets Series
( Print: June 2000 )