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Assessing Regional Trade Arrangements

Are South-south RTAs More Trade Diverting?

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: February 2002 )

It has generally been argued that regional trade agreements among developing countries may induce potential adverse effects on trade patterns among RTA members and between them and third countries...

It has generally been argued that regional trade agreements among developing countries may induce potential adverse effects on trade patterns among RTA members and between them and third countries...


Integrated Approach to Agricultural Trade and Development Issues, An

Exploring the Welfare and Distribution Issues

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: November 2001 )

Computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis has become a well-established methodology for the estimation of trade and welfare effects resulting from trade liberalization. This paper reviews CGE...

Computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis has become a well-established methodology for the estimation of trade and welfare effects resulting from trade liberalization. This paper reviews CGE...


Regional Trade Agreements and Developing Countries

The Case of the Pacific Island's Proposed Free Trade Agreement

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: November 2001 )

Fourteen of the world's smallest and most vulnerable economies - the Forum Island Countries (FICs) of the Pacific island region - are in the process of forming themselves into a free trade area (FTA)...

Fourteen of the world's smallest and most vulnerable economies - the Forum Island Countries (FICs) of the Pacific island region - are in the process of forming themselves into a free trade area (FTA)...


Assessing Regional Trading Arrangements in the Asia-Pacific

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: November 2001 )

Using both a gravity model to consider the natural trading bloc hypothesis and simulation using a computer generated equilibrium (CGE) model to make welfare estimates, this publication examines the...

Using both a gravity model to consider the natural trading bloc hypothesis and simulation using a computer generated equilibrium (CGE) model to make welfare estimates, this publication examines the...


Services Sector Reform and Development Strategies

Issues and Research Priorities

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: November 2001 )

The purpose of this paper is to review some of the empirical work, which can provide relevant inputs to the implementation of strategies for use in the General Agreement on Trade Services (GATS)...

The purpose of this paper is to review some of the empirical work, which can provide relevant inputs to the implementation of strategies for use in the General Agreement on Trade Services (GATS)...


Tariffs and the East Asian Financial Crisis

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: November 2001 )

This study examines the role of tariffs during the East Asian financial crisis and finds that there is a role of tariffs when it comes to fighting the negative impact of a financial downturn. The...

This study examines the role of tariffs during the East Asian financial crisis and finds that there is a role of tariffs when it comes to fighting the negative impact of a financial downturn. The...


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Quantification of Non-tariff Measures

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: October 2002 )

The increase in the relative importance of non-tariff measures has increased awareness of the various deficiencies in existing non-tariff measures (NTM) data collections. This paper is concerned with...

The increase in the relative importance of non-tariff measures has increased awareness of the various deficiencies in existing non-tariff measures (NTM) data collections. This paper is concerned with...


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Trade in Services

Market Access Opportunities and the Benefits of Liberalization for Developing Countries

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: June 2003 )

The service sector is the most important sector for most developed economies being the largest contributor to gross domestic product, production, and employment. Developing economies on the other...

The service sector is the most important sector for most developed economies being the largest contributor to gross domestic product, production, and employment. Developing economies on the other...


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International Trade and Labour Market Performance

Major Findings and Open Questions

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: June 2003 )

This paper summarizes the results of recent research into the effects of international trade on labor demand highlighting three areas, which may require further investigation. These areas being: the...

This paper summarizes the results of recent research into the effects of international trade on labor demand highlighting three areas, which may require further investigation. These areas being: the...


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Assessing South-south Regional Integration

Same Issues Many Metrics

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: June 2003 )

The number of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) has increased over time. So have the complexity of issues surrounding their formation and the metrics used to assess them. Despite sustained research...

The number of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) has increased over time. So have the complexity of issues surrounding their formation and the metrics used to assess them. Despite sustained research...


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Duty and Quota-free Access for LDCs

Further Evidence From CGE Modelling

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: June 2002 )

This study is an extension of the work entitled Duty and Quota Free Market Access for LDCs: An Analysis of Quad Initiatives. Its purpose is to assess the effects of trade policy initiatives aimed at...

This study is an extension of the work entitled Duty and Quota Free Market Access for LDCs: An Analysis of Quad Initiatives. Its purpose is to assess the effects of trade policy initiatives aimed at...


Post-Uruguay Round Market Access Barriers for Industrial Products

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: February 2002 )

Both the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) secretariats have a long history of research on the pattern and effects of border protection...

Both the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) secretariats have a long history of research on the pattern and effects of border protection...


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Smoke and Mirrors

Making Sense of WTO Industrial Tariff Negotiations

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: June 2006 )

Tariffs for industrial products are a key element of the ongoing WTO negotiations. However, rather than clarifying the issues, the framework text agreed on 1 August 2004 leaves considerable...

Tariffs for industrial products are a key element of the ongoing WTO negotiations. However, rather than clarifying the issues, the framework text agreed on 1 August 2004 leaves considerable...


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Banana Split

How EU Policies Divide Global Producers

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: February 2006, PDF: October 2006 )

Banana prices within the European Union are almost double world levels. These prices are maintained by restrictive import quotas and tariffs that generate rents that accrue to producers and...

Banana prices within the European Union are almost double world levels. These prices are maintained by restrictive import quotas and tariffs that generate rents that accrue to producers and...


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Roadmap for Building a Trade Single Window

Roadmap for Building a Trade Single Window

Transport and Trade Facilitation Series, No. 21

Series: Transport and Trade Facilitation Series
( PDF: January 2024 )

Building on more than 40 years of experience delivering customs and trade digitalization through the Automated System for Customs Data (ASYCUDA) and over 10 years’ experience in assisting with...

Building on more than 40 years of experience delivering customs and trade digitalization through the Automated System for Customs Data (ASYCUDA) and over 10 years’ experience in assisting with...


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Roadmap for Building a National Trade Information Portal

Transport and Trade Facilitation Series, No. 16

Series: Transport and Trade Facilitation Series
( PDF: July 2022 )

The present publication “Roadmap for Building a National Trade Information Portal” sets out the importance of placing the trader at the center as the primary customer and how a Trade Information...

The present publication “Roadmap for Building a National Trade Information Portal” sets out the importance of placing the trader at the center as the primary customer and how a Trade Information...


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Compendium of Good Practices in Implementing the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement: Experiences from...

Transport and Trade Facilitation Series, No. 17

Series: Transport and Trade Facilitation Series
( PDF: October 2022 )

The Compendium is intended to inspire policymakers to implement various measures of the World Trade Organization Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), drawing on experiences that have been tried and...

The Compendium is intended to inspire policymakers to implement various measures of the World Trade Organization Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), drawing on experiences that have been tried and...


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Analysis of Maritime Connectivity in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and Small Island...

Transport and Trade Facilitation Series, No. 18

Series: Transport and Trade Facilitation Series
( PDF: November 2022 )

The report is an output produced under a project led by ESCAP, in collaboration with UNCTAD, and financed by the Government of China. The project aims at improving the quality of maritime and port...

The report is an output produced under a project led by ESCAP, in collaboration with UNCTAD, and financed by the Government of China. The project aims at improving the quality of maritime and port...


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National Trade Facilitation Committees in the Quest for Sustainability

Transport and Trade Facilitation Series, No. 19

Series: Transport and Trade Facilitation Series
( Print: January 2023, PDF: December 2022 )

National Trade Facilitation Committees (NTFCs) are the coordinating bodies for trade facilitation initiatives at national level. They have existed in different forms in a limited number of countries...

National Trade Facilitation Committees (NTFCs) are the coordinating bodies for trade facilitation initiatives at national level. They have existed in different forms in a limited number of countries...


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User Manual and Handbook on Agricultural Trade Policy Simulation Model (ATPSM)

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: March 2005 )

This report contains instructions in the use of the Agricultural Trade Policy Simulation Model (ATPSM). ATPSM is designed of detailed analysis of agricultural trade policy issues. It can be used as a...

This report contains instructions in the use of the Agricultural Trade Policy Simulation Model (ATPSM). ATPSM is designed of detailed analysis of agricultural trade policy issues. It can be used as a...