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Transfer of Technology

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: February 2002 )

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...


Trends in International Investment Agreements

An Overview

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...


Lessons from the MAI

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...


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Illicit Payments

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: November 2001 )

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...


Home Country Measures

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: December 2001 )

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...


Foreign Direct Investment and Development

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...


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Review of Information and Communications Technology and Development in Western Asia, Issue 5 (Arabic...

Series: Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia (Arabic)
( Print: November 2007 )

This issue of the Bulletin of Information and Communications Technology for Development in Western Asia contains a review and analysis of the status of information society in the ESCWA region.


This issue of the Bulletin of Information and Communications Technology for Development in Western Asia contains a review and analysis of the status of information society in the ESCWA region.



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Review of Information and Communications Technology and Development in Western Asia, Issue 7 (Arabic...

Series: Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia (Arabic)
( Print: January 2008 )

This issue of the Bulletin of Information and Communications Technology for Development in Western Asia contains a review and analysis of the status of information society in the ESCWA region.

This issue of the Bulletin of Information and Communications Technology for Development in Western Asia contains a review and analysis of the status of information society in the ESCWA region.


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Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia, Issue 8 (Arabic...

Series: Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia (Arabic)
( Print: March 2008 )

This issue sheds light on the importance of Information and Communications Technology for Education (ICT4E) and its various dimensions and its anticipated effect on the development of an educational...

This issue sheds light on the importance of Information and Communications Technology for Education (ICT4E) and its various dimensions and its anticipated effect on the development of an educational...


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Review of Information and Communications Technology and Development in Western Asia, Issue 9 (Arabic...

Series: Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia (Arabic)
( Print: September 2008 )

This issue presents a number of regional initiatives and projects in information and communications technology (ICT), including Internet domain names in Arabic, knowledge networks to provide local and...

This issue presents a number of regional initiatives and projects in information and communications technology (ICT), including Internet domain names in Arabic, knowledge networks to provide local and...


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Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia, Issue 11...

Series: Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia (Arabic)
( Print: November 2009 )

This issue tackles cyberspace legislation and its role in strengthening confidence in electronic services. It contains an overview of the status of cyberspace legislation in the ESCWA region...

This issue tackles cyberspace legislation and its role in strengthening confidence in electronic services. It contains an overview of the status of cyberspace legislation in the ESCWA region...


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Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia, Issue 12...

Series: Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia (Arabic)
( Print: September 2010, PDF: December 2013 )

This issue of the Bulletin of Information and Communications Technology for Development in Western Asia contains a review and analysis of the status of information society in the ESCWA region four...

This issue of the Bulletin of Information and Communications Technology for Development in Western Asia contains a review and analysis of the status of information society in the ESCWA region four...


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Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia, Issue 13...

Series: Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia (Arabic)
( Print: November 2010, PDF: October 2013 )

This issue of the Bulletin of Information and Communications Technology for Development in Western Asia contains a review and analysis of the status of information society in the ESCWA region four...

This issue of the Bulletin of Information and Communications Technology for Development in Western Asia contains a review and analysis of the status of information society in the ESCWA region four...


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Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia, Issue 14...

Series: Review of Information Technology and Communications for Development in Western Asia (Arabic)
( Print: September 2011 )

This issue of the Review of Information and Communications Technology for Development in Western Asia addresses the reality and prospects of the Free and Open Source Software in the Arab region, with...

This issue of the Review of Information and Communications Technology for Development in Western Asia addresses the reality and prospects of the Free and Open Source Software in the Arab region, with...


Investment-Related Trade Measures

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: August 1999 )

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...


Scope and Definition

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...


Transfer Pricing

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

Transfer pricing methods raise important and contentious policy questions for both host and home governments, as well as transnational corporations, as they directly affect the amount of profit...

Transfer pricing methods raise important and contentious policy questions for both host and home governments, as well as transnational corporations, as they directly affect the amount of profit...


Admission and Establishment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: May 1999 )

The legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment by transnational corporations into host countries, is a topic that raises questions central to...

The legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment by transnational corporations into host countries, is a topic that raises questions central to...


Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

The most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN) standard is a core element of international investment agreements, it gives investors a guarantee against certain forms of discrimination by host countries...

The most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN) standard is a core element of international investment agreements, it gives investors a guarantee against certain forms of discrimination by host countries...


Fair and Equitable Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: September 1999 )

The concept of fair and equitable treatment, which has assumed prominence in investment relations between States, provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors and...

The concept of fair and equitable treatment, which has assumed prominence in investment relations between States, provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors and...