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As the world grows more connected, long-term scenario perspectives are required at global, regional, national and local levels for environmental sustainability. By presenting a review of the...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Caspian Sea – the largest land-locked water body on earth, bordered by five countries and influenced by three more in the catchment area. The assessment...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Sea of Okhotsk region. Rapid population growth and economic development have led to increasing pollution loads in the Amur River basin...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Oyashio Current region – one of the most productive waters in East Asia. Changes in the hydrological cycle and ocean circulation have...

This report presents the assessment of Lakes Turkana, Tanganyika, Victoria and Malawi – the largest of the East African Rift Valley Lakes and among the oldest lakes in the world. The lakes are...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Mekong River region. Rapid economic development and population growth are increasing the demand for water, energy and food, necessitating more hydro...

This report presents the GIWA assessment of the Humboldt Current region. The world’s largest upwelling area, supporting highly productive fisheries, is located within the boundaries of the region. The...

This report presents the assessment of the GIWA Eastern Equatorial Pacific region, which includes parts of Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia. Pollution in the...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Colombia & Venezuela and Central America & Mexico sub-systems. In the Colombia & Venezuela sub-system, coastal habitats are being...

This paper discusses why the UNECE countries have chosen rather different models of welfare state and, more generally, alternative policies to fight poverty. In particular, the paper focuses upon why...

The objective of the “Blue book” is to establish an inventory of existing and envisaged standards and parameters of E waterways and ports in Europe and to show, on an internationally comparable basis...

This Paper argues that the challenges posed by resource dependence can be overcome if accompanied by the right economic policies. It then analyzes what these policies are, and how to set up economic...

This volume attempts to explain the consequences of environmental change and deterioration of ecosystems on human health and analyzes global, regional, and national trends. It assesses the status of...

This publication presents a global assessment of acidification and eutrophication caused by sulphur and nitrogen deposition. The study has two objectives: the first is to assess the present and...

The continued growth of the European Union (EU) will have important economic consequences both for the EU member states and for their trading partners, especially those at the new borders of the...

This paper discusses the role of institutions in economic development. The author puts forward an argument that the considerable gap in real income per capita between richer and poorer countries...

This report presents the results of the GIWA assessment of the Barents Sea region – one of the largest shallow continental shelf seas in the world and the most productive sea within the Arctic Ocean...

This report presents the assessment of Patagonian Shelf and associated river basins. The report focuses on the La Plata River Basin, the second largest watershed in South America, and the South...