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International Investor Arrangements

Trends and Emerging Issues

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: June 2006, PDF: October 2006 )

The past few years saw a proliferation of international investment agreements (IIAs) at the bilateral, regional and interregional levels. The new generation of IIAs presents new challenges for...

The past few years saw a proliferation of international investment agreements (IIAs) at the bilateral, regional and interregional levels. The new generation of IIAs presents new challenges for...


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Investor-state Disputes Arising from Investment Treaties

A Review

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: June 2006, PDF: April 2007 )

The settlement of disputes between investors and the States in which they operate is a key aspect of the system of investment protection established in international investment agreements. Thus, the...

The settlement of disputes between investors and the States in which they operate is a key aspect of the system of investment protection established in international investment agreements. Thus, the...


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Preserving Flexibility in IIAs

The Use of Reservations

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: November 2006, PDF: October 2006 )

Reservations in International Investment Agreements are a key technique for balancing flexibility of national authorities with international commitments in the field of investment, especially for...

Reservations in International Investment Agreements are a key technique for balancing flexibility of national authorities with international commitments in the field of investment, especially for...


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South-South Cooperation in International Investment Arrangements

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: February 2006, PDF: October 2006 )

During the past decade, the number of international investment agreements among developing countries has increased substantially, pointing to growing South-South cooperation. Developing countries are...

During the past decade, the number of international investment agreements among developing countries has increased substantially, pointing to growing South-South cooperation. Developing countries are...


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International Investment Agreements in Services

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: February 2006, PDF: October 2006 )

This paper seeks to assist developing countries to meet the challenges arising at the interface of the liberalization and the regulation of services, in the context of international investment rule...

This paper seeks to assist developing countries to meet the challenges arising at the interface of the liberalization and the regulation of services, in the context of international investment rule...


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Forum on Crime and Society - Volume 10, Numbers 1 and 2, 2019

Special Issue - Smuggling of Migrants

Series: Forum on Crime and Society
( Print: September 2021, PDF: October 2021 )

This issue of the Forum focuses on smuggling of migrants. It contains articles by a range of researchers and academics with experience in the subject. Forum on Crime and Society presents policy...

This issue of the Forum focuses on smuggling of migrants. It contains articles by a range of researchers and academics with experience in the subject. Forum on Crime and Society presents policy...


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Forum on Crime and Society - Volume 9, Numbers 1 and 2, 2018

Special Issue - Wildlife Crime

Series: Forum on Crime and Society
( Print: September 2019, PDF: September 2019 )

This issue of the Forum focuses on wildlife crime. It contains articles by a range of researchers and academics with experience in the subject. Forum on Crime and Society presents policy-oriented...

This issue of the Forum focuses on wildlife crime. It contains articles by a range of researchers and academics with experience in the subject. Forum on Crime and Society presents policy-oriented...


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The Role of International Investment Agreements in Attracting Foreign Direct Investment to...

UNCTAD Series on International Investment Policies for Development

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: February 2010, PDF: December 2009 )

International investment agreements (IIAs) are a key instrument in the strategies of most countries, in particular developing countries, to attract foreign investment. The objective of this...

International investment agreements (IIAs) are a key instrument in the strategies of most countries, in particular developing countries, to attract foreign investment. The objective of this...


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Forum on Crime and Society - Volume 5, Numbers 1 and 2, 2006

Special Issue - "Improving Knowledge on Crime: Towards Better Data"

Series: Forum on Crime and Society
( Print: February 2010, PDF: December 2009 )

Forum on Crime and Society presents theoretically sound, well-researched, and policy-oriented articles on crime prevention and criminal justice. It focuses on trends and practices in the field of...

Forum on Crime and Society presents theoretically sound, well-researched, and policy-oriented articles on crime prevention and criminal justice. It focuses on trends and practices in the field of...


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REIO Exception in MFN Treatment Clauses, The

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: April 2005 )

This paper, examines the issue of regional economic integration organization (REIO) exceptions in international investment agreements (IIAs) and its possible effects, in particular with regard to...

This paper, examines the issue of regional economic integration organization (REIO) exceptions in international investment agreements (IIAs) and its possible effects, in particular with regard to...


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Investor-State Dispute Settlement and Impact on Investment Rulemaking

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: January 2008 )

The aim of this study is to take stock of and to analyze the major developments in the interpretation of procedural and substantive international investment agreement (IIA) provisions as contained in...

The aim of this study is to take stock of and to analyze the major developments in the interpretation of procedural and substantive international investment agreement (IIA) provisions as contained in...


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Identifying Core Elements in Investment Agreements in the APEC Region

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: February 2009, PDF: December 2008 )

This study responds to an Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum Investment Experts Group request to identify the core elements in investment agreements in the APEC region. This includes...

This study responds to an Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum Investment Experts Group request to identify the core elements in investment agreements in the APEC region. This includes...


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Investor-State Disputes

Prevention and Alternatives to Arbitration

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: October 2010, PDF: September 2011 )

International arbitration has been the most commonly used method for the settlement of international investment disputes. However, other forms of dispute settlements are, to date, only rarely used in...

International arbitration has been the most commonly used method for the settlement of international investment disputes. However, other forms of dispute settlements are, to date, only rarely used in...


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International Investment Rule-making

Stocktaking, Challenges and the Way Forward

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: March 2009, PDF: December 2010 )

This book reviews sixty years of international investment rule-making and identifies main trends in current treaty practice, as well as the core characteristics of the existing universe of...

This book reviews sixty years of international investment rule-making and identifies main trends in current treaty practice, as well as the core characteristics of the existing universe of...


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Investment Promotion Provisions in International Investment Agreements

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: July 2008, PDF: October 2008 )

Investment promotion covers all activities and measures aimed at creating favourable determinants for foreign investment in the host country. This publication focuses on the international agreements...

Investment promotion covers all activities and measures aimed at creating favourable determinants for foreign investment in the host country. This publication focuses on the international agreements...


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The Protection of National Security in IIAs

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Series on International Investment Policies for Development
( Print: November 2009, PDF: December 2010 )

After almost two decades of nearly unequivocal support for investment liberalization, many countries have started to re-evaluate these policies, and some have introduced adjustments, thereby...

After almost two decades of nearly unequivocal support for investment liberalization, many countries have started to re-evaluate these policies, and some have introduced adjustments, thereby...


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Forum on Crime and Society - Volume 8, 2015

Special Issue - Researching Hidden Populations: Approaches to and Methodologies for Generating Data...

Series: Forum on Crime and Society
( Print: August 2015, PDF: December 2015 )

This issue of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime journal Forum on Crime and Society focuses on research related to trafficking in persons. It contains articles by a range of researchers and...

This issue of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime journal Forum on Crime and Society focuses on research related to trafficking in persons. It contains articles by a range of researchers and...