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Globalization and Liberalization

The Impact on Developing Countries

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: February 2002 )

This paper analyzes the impact of globalization on developing countries over the last several decades. The first section examines the components and mechanisms of globalization. The second turns to...

This paper analyzes the impact of globalization on developing countries over the last several decades. The first section examines the components and mechanisms of globalization. The second turns to...


Financial Regulation and Supervision in Emerging Markets

The Experience of Latin America since the Tequila Crisis

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: March 2002 )

The financial crisis of 1994-1995 sounded a wake-up call to Latin America, indicating that regulation and supervision needed to be strengthened substantially. Since then, important steps have been...

The financial crisis of 1994-1995 sounded a wake-up call to Latin America, indicating that regulation and supervision needed to be strengthened substantially. Since then, important steps have been...


Long Run Economic Development in Latin America in a Comparative Perspective

Proximate and Ultimate Causes

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: March 2002 )

This paper describes trends in economic growth and it’s causes in several Latin American countries in the 20th century. This paper stresses that the proximate causes of economic growth are not...

This paper describes trends in economic growth and it’s causes in several Latin American countries in the 20th century. This paper stresses that the proximate causes of economic growth are not...


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Globalizing Talent and Human Capital

Implications for Developing Countries

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: October 2002 )

Human capital flows can take several forms and include the international circulation of scientists, information technology experts, intellectuals, artists and entrepreneurs. The evidence shows that...

Human capital flows can take several forms and include the international circulation of scientists, information technology experts, intellectuals, artists and entrepreneurs. The evidence shows that...


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Regional Integration and the Issue of Choosing an Appropiate Exchange-rate Regime in Latin America

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: November 2002 )

Behind the discussion on optimal exchange-rate regimes lies the need to achieve external and internal equilibrium, and thus create an appropriate macroeconomic climate for sustained growth and...

Behind the discussion on optimal exchange-rate regimes lies the need to achieve external and internal equilibrium, and thus create an appropriate macroeconomic climate for sustained growth and...


Evolution of World Income Inequality, The

Assessing the Impact of Globalization

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: May 2002 )

In the last two centuries, the world has seen an unprecedented increase in the capacity to create material wealth and undergo technical change. At the same time, this is also a period of large...

In the last two centuries, the world has seen an unprecedented increase in the capacity to create material wealth and undergo technical change. At the same time, this is also a period of large...


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Euro and the Financial Relations between Latin America and Europe

Medium- and Long-term Implications

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: May 2002 )

The internationalization of the euro is in its initial stages and it is still difficult to draw any definitive conclusions regarding its scope and its implications for Latin America. The most...

The internationalization of the euro is in its initial stages and it is still difficult to draw any definitive conclusions regarding its scope and its implications for Latin America. The most...


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Development Cycles, Political Regimes and International Migration

Argentina in the 20th Century

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: June 2003 )

This paper investigates the main patterns of international migration to and from Argentina in the twentieth century. It explains how good economic opportunities brought millions of Europeans to...

This paper investigates the main patterns of international migration to and from Argentina in the twentieth century. It explains how good economic opportunities brought millions of Europeans to...


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Africa Human Development Report 2016

Accelerating Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment in Africa

Series: Africa Human Development Report
( Print: January 2017, PDF: January 2017 )

This report follows the 2012 Africa Human Development Report, which looked at the importance of assuring food security for all Africans. The two reports share a common objective of addressing what...

This report follows the 2012 Africa Human Development Report, which looked at the importance of assuring food security for all Africans. The two reports share a common objective of addressing what...


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Governance Crises and the Andean Region

A Political Economy Analysis

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: July 2003 )

This paper calls for broad institutional reform in countries of the Andean region to ensure that the basic conditions for economic development are met. The author evaluates the past and current social...

This paper calls for broad institutional reform in countries of the Andean region to ensure that the basic conditions for economic development are met. The author evaluates the past and current social...


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Caribbean Labour Market Challenges and Policies

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: July 2006 )

This paper examines the challenges facing the labour market in the Caribbean, including youth unemployment, the mismatch between the educational system and the needs of the labour market, the creation...

This paper examines the challenges facing the labour market in the Caribbean, including youth unemployment, the mismatch between the educational system and the needs of the labour market, the creation...


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International Mobility of Talent and its Impact on Global Development, The

An Overview

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: October 2006 )

Human talent is a key economic resource and a source of creative power in science, technology, business, arts and culture and other activities. Talent has a large economic value and its mobility has...

Human talent is a key economic resource and a source of creative power in science, technology, business, arts and culture and other activities. Talent has a large economic value and its mobility has...


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Savings, Investment and Growth in the Global Age

Analytical and Policy Issues

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: October 2006 )

One of the controversies in growth analysis is the relative role of capital accumulation and productivity growth in driving output growth. As we interpret the evidence, discussed in this paper, part...

One of the controversies in growth analysis is the relative role of capital accumulation and productivity growth in driving output growth. As we interpret the evidence, discussed in this paper, part...


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Equilibrium Real Exchange Rates, Misalignment and Competitiveness in the Southern Cone

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: March 2008 )

This publication presents an analysis of the evolution of the competitiveness in the traded goods sectors in six Latin American countries. It finds that the competitiveness of the nontraditional...

This publication presents an analysis of the evolution of the competitiveness in the traded goods sectors in six Latin American countries. It finds that the competitiveness of the nontraditional...


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Middle Class and the Development Process, The

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: August 2008 )

Stable, higher income democracies often gave both a strong middle class and relatively low levels of inequality. Lower and middle income countries with highly unequal patterns of income distribution...

Stable, higher income democracies often gave both a strong middle class and relatively low levels of inequality. Lower and middle income countries with highly unequal patterns of income distribution...


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Economic Growth in Latin America

The Role of Investment and other Growth Sources

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: November 2005 )

This research produced evidence about the contribution of investment and other sources to the growth process of Latin America during 1960-2002. Alternative growth accounting methodologies were used to...

This research produced evidence about the contribution of investment and other sources to the growth process of Latin America during 1960-2002. Alternative growth accounting methodologies were used to...


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Foundations of Macroeconomic Policy Coordination

Fostering Dialogue as a Policy Tool in Latin America

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: February 2006 )

This paper examines the theoretical foundations for macroeconomic policy coordination and the related empirical findings in Latin America, contributing an original analysis that advocates new dialogue...

This paper examines the theoretical foundations for macroeconomic policy coordination and the related empirical findings in Latin America, contributing an original analysis that advocates new dialogue...


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Asset Accumulation by the Middle Class and the Poor in Latin America

Political Economy and Governance Dimensions

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: March 2007, PDF: April 2007 )

This paper highlights missing components of current social policies in Latin America that affect the political-economy equilibrium: in particular, the neglect of the middle class as valid subject of...

This paper highlights missing components of current social policies in Latin America that affect the political-economy equilibrium: in particular, the neglect of the middle class as valid subject of...


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Coordination of Public Expenditure in Transport Infrastructure

Analysis and Policy Perspectives for Latin America

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: March 2007, PDF: April 2007 )

Multinational transport infrastructure (MTI) projects are fraught with coordination issues. This paper contributes by identifying the key issues necessary for effective MTI coordination, analyzing...

Multinational transport infrastructure (MTI) projects are fraught with coordination issues. This paper contributes by identifying the key issues necessary for effective MTI coordination, analyzing...


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Savings in Latin America after the Mid 1990s

Determinants, Constraints and Policies

Series: Macroeconomía del Desarrollo
( Print: March 2007, PDF: April 2007 )

National savings and growth in Latin America have remained low in the 1990s and 2000s. The low level of national savings rates has forced Latin American countries to depend on foreign savings to...

National savings and growth in Latin America have remained low in the 1990s and 2000s. The low level of national savings rates has forced Latin American countries to depend on foreign savings to...