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This publication examines how the three elements of regional integration, innovation and competitiveness are interlinked. It explores the prospects for harnessing them within the framework of Africa’s...

This publication comes at a time of renewed enthusiasm for shortening the period of the vision of the Abuja Treaty. The publication's overall objective is to provide analytical research that defines...

The African Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA) promises to give a significant boost to the continent’s economy and, in particular, to support industrialization and structural transformation. In this...

This report provides a comprehensive evaluation of the state of Africa's integration process, showing where efforts have succeeded or failed including why intra African trade remains low; and how lack...

This overview is drawn from the groundbreaking policy research report “Assessing Regional Integration in Africa” (Sales No. E.04.II.K.3). It reflects on the integration agenda, revisits some of its...

This study examines the issue of how to measure the effectiveness of Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) within the context of recent trade and environment discussions. The three MEAs...

This publication provides an analytical framework for international consideration of the issue on fisheries subsidies, trade and the environment. It views natural resource subsidies in economic theory...

Growing international trade has made the economies of nations inter-dependent and this has had, among other things, implications for environmental policy. Global Product Chains is a helpful instrument...

This publication illustrates how safety requirements in the field of biotechnology can sometimes take the form of trade measures when they create a restriction on trade to protect the environment and...

This publication provides information on the environmental characteristics of three products: paper, laundry detergents, and textiles. It gives an overview of environmental criteria in each of the...

The tenth edition of the report on Assessing Regional Integration in Africa (ARIA X) is on the theme: “Africa’s services trade liberalization and integration under the AfCFTA”. The report seeks to...

Signed by 52 African countries, the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) is, by the number of participating countries, the largest trade agreement since the formation of the WTO. This report...

This publication comes at a time of renewed enthusiasm for shortening the period of the vision of the Abuja Treaty. The publication's overall objective is to provide analytical research that defines...

This report examines the effectiveness of Africa’s regional economic communities in pushing forward the regional integration agenda towards the objectives of the Abuja Treaty establishing the African...

This report finds that although there are some successes, African countries are still experiencing enormous difficulties in achieving the macroeconomic convergence criteria set by their RECs, such as...

The publication seeks to address the pressing issues that are negatively affecting trade amongst African countries. It undertakes a comprehensive empirical analysis of intra-African trade to determine...

Below the grand structural framework of anlyses there is an enormous amount which can be and is being done in the formalization and harmonization of tests, decision making procedures and the use and...

This paper provides an overview of the history of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, examines the necessity and effectiveness of the Protocol's trade measures and...

In 1989, environmental concerns led to the adoption of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal. This publication outlines some of the...

The author, David A. Wirth, examines the increasingly important role of science in the structure and operation of international trade agreements. This paper analyzes and summarizes the relevant texts...