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Understanding the uses and implications of non-tariff measures (NTMs) is essential for the formulation of effective development strategies to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Increasing...

The purpose of this manual is to provide guidelines to data collectors to harmonize the Non-Tariff Measures data collection process and to minimize uncertainty during the process of categorization and...

This handbook provides an introduction to Voluntary Sustainability Standards as instruments to make international trade more sustainable. Chapter 1 sets out to describe what VSS are, how they have...

This study investigated women’s participation in the economy and trade by distinguishing between women’s different economic roles as workers and entrepreneurs/business owners, and between different...

In recent decades, multilateral and regional trade negotiations and unilateral liberalization have substantially reduced tariff rates. Non-tariff measures (NTMs), however, represent a growing...