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E-Commerce From a Gender and Development Perspective

E-Commerce From a Gender and Development Perspective

( PDF: June 2023 )

This policy review considers the opportunities e-commerce offers to women-led and women-owned small enterprises in developing and least developed countries (LDCs), and the challenges such enterprises...

This policy review considers the opportunities e-commerce offers to women-led and women-owned small enterprises in developing and least developed countries (LDCs), and the challenges such enterprises...


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Le commerce électronique dans une perspective de genre et de développement

Le commerce électronique dans une perspective de genre et de développement

( PDF: July 2023 )

Le présent examen des politiques se penche sur les opportunités que le commerce électronique offre aux petites entreprises dirigées par des femmes et appartenant à des femmes dans les pays en...

Le présent examen des politiques se penche sur les opportunités que le commerce électronique offre aux petites entreprises dirigées par des femmes et appartenant à des femmes dans les pays en...


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Looking at the Trade and Gender Nexus From a Development Perspective

A Brief Overview: Concepts, Definitions and Analytical Frameworks

( PDF: March 2022 )

This publication presents an overview of the trade and gender nexus from a development perspective. It looks at the consequences of international trade for women’s economic empowerment and well-being...

This publication presents an overview of the trade and gender nexus from a development perspective. It looks at the consequences of international trade for women’s economic empowerment and well-being...


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Análisis del nexo entre el comercio y el género desde la perspectiva del desarrollo:

( PDF: May 2022 )

Esta publicación presenta una visión general del nexo entre comercio y género desde una perspectiva de desarrollo. Analiza las consecuencias del comercio internacional para el empoderamiento económico...

Esta publicación presenta una visión general del nexo entre comercio y género desde una perspectiva de desarrollo. Analiza las consecuencias del comercio internacional para el empoderamiento económico...


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Lien entre le commerce et le genre dans une perspective de développement

Un bref aperçu: Concepts, définitions et cadres analytiques

( PDF: June 2022 )

Cette publication présente un aperçu du lien entre le commerce et le genre dans une perspective de développement. Il examine les conséquences du commerce international pour l'autonomisation économique...

Cette publication présente un aperçu du lien entre le commerce et le genre dans une perspective de développement. Il examine les conséquences du commerce international pour l'autonomisation économique...


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Transnational Corporations Vol.28 No.3

Investment and Development

Series: Transnational Corporations
( Print: December 2021, PDF: December 2021 )

Transnational Corporations is a longstanding policy-oriented refereed research journal on issues related to investment, multinational enterprises, and development. It is an official journal of the...

Transnational Corporations is a longstanding policy-oriented refereed research journal on issues related to investment, multinational enterprises, and development. It is an official journal of the...


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Neutral Policies, Uneven Impact

Non-tariff Measures Through a Gender Lens

( PDF: June 2022 )

Non-tariff measures (NTMs) are trade policy measures designed to achieve public policy objectives such as protecting public health, consumer safety, and the environment. While NTMs often bear high...

Non-tariff measures (NTMs) are trade policy measures designed to achieve public policy objectives such as protecting public health, consumer safety, and the environment. While NTMs often bear high...


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Cross-Border Trade in the Pre- and Post-Pandemic Environment

Evidence from Malawi, the United Republic of Tanzania and Zambia

( PDF: June 2022 )

Since 2016, UNCTAD has been working to support women in informal cross-border trade in sub-Saharan Africa, carrying out analytical, capacity-building and policy advocacy activities. This report...

Since 2016, UNCTAD has been working to support women in informal cross-border trade in sub-Saharan Africa, carrying out analytical, capacity-building and policy advocacy activities. This report...


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Linking Trade and Gender Towards Sustainable Development

Linking Trade and Gender Towards Sustainable Development

An Analytical and Policy Framework

( Print: April 2023, PDF: April 2023 )

Any change of trade policies or other economic policies is likely to have gender-specific repercussions. Specifically, international trade affects men and women in their different economic roles...

Any change of trade policies or other economic policies is likely to have gender-specific repercussions. Specifically, international trade affects men and women in their different economic roles...


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La vinculación del comercio y el género con miras al desarrollo sostenible

La vinculación del comercio y el género con miras al desarrollo sostenible

Un marco de análisis y acción

( PDF: July 2023 )

Es probable que cualquier cambio en las políticas comerciales u otras políticas económicas tenga repercusiones específicas de género. Específicamente, el comercio internacional afecta a hombres y...

Es probable que cualquier cambio en las políticas comerciales u otras políticas económicas tenga repercusiones específicas de género. Específicamente, el comercio internacional afecta a hombres y...


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Relier le commerce et le genre dans l’optique d’un développement durable

Relier le commerce et le genre dans l’optique d’un développement durable

Cadre analytique et directeur

( PDF: September 2023 )

Toute modification des politiques commerciales ou d'autres politiques économiques est susceptible d'avoir des répercussions sexospécifiques. Plus précisément, le commerce international affecte...

Toute modification des politiques commerciales ou d'autres politiques économiques est susceptible d'avoir des répercussions sexospécifiques. Plus précisément, le commerce international affecte...


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Creative Economy Outlook 2022: Overview

The International Year of Creative Economy for Sustainable Development: Pathway to Resilient...

( Print: December 2022, PDF: December 2022 )

The report looks at the current state of the creative economy. It examines the evolving definition of the creative economy and its contribution to sustainable development. Based on a 2021 UNCTAD...

The report looks at the current state of the creative economy. It examines the evolving definition of the creative economy and its contribution to sustainable development. Based on a 2021 UNCTAD...


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Women in Business

Building Purpose-Driven Enterprise Amid Crises

( Print: December 2022, PDF: February 2023 )

A third of all entrepreneurs in the world are women. Their contribution to development is clear: as their business grow, they inspire, create jobs, and offer themselves, their families, and their...

A third of all entrepreneurs in the world are women. Their contribution to development is clear: as their business grow, they inspire, create jobs, and offer themselves, their families, and their...


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eTrade for Women: Fostering Women Entrepreneurship in the Digital Economy

eTrade for Women: Fostering Women Entrepreneurship in the Digital Economy

Insights from UNCTAD’s eTrade for Women Advocates 2019–2021 Cohort

( Print: April 2023, PDF: April 2023 )

Building on the experience of UNCTAD’s eTrade for Women initiative, and more specifically on the first cohort of eTrade for Women Advocates, this paper reviews the main obstacles that women digital...

Building on the experience of UNCTAD’s eTrade for Women initiative, and more specifically on the first cohort of eTrade for Women Advocates, this paper reviews the main obstacles that women digital...


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National Trade Facilitation Committees in the Quest for Sustainability

Transport and Trade Facilitation Series, No. 19

Series: Transport and Trade Facilitation Series
( Print: January 2023, PDF: December 2022 )

National Trade Facilitation Committees (NTFCs) are the coordinating bodies for trade facilitation initiatives at national level. They have existed in different forms in a limited number of countries...

National Trade Facilitation Committees (NTFCs) are the coordinating bodies for trade facilitation initiatives at national level. They have existed in different forms in a limited number of countries...


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Trade and Gender Nexus in the Context of Regional Integration

A Comparative Assessment of the East African Community (EAC) and the Southern Common Market...

( PDF: October 2020 )

This background paper uses a comparative perspective to evaluate the interplay between trade and gender in the context of regional integration efforts in Africa and Latin America, using the case...

This background paper uses a comparative perspective to evaluate the interplay between trade and gender in the context of regional integration efforts in Africa and Latin America, using the case...


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Trade and Entrepreneurship in Indonesia From a Gender and Development Perspective

Trade and Entrepreneurship in Indonesia From a Gender and Development Perspective

( PDF: December 2023 )

This study, which focuses on trade and gender linkages and their impact on women’s entrepreneurship in Indonesia, forms part of UNCTAD’s teaching material on trade and gender. The aim of this capacity...

This study, which focuses on trade and gender linkages and their impact on women’s entrepreneurship in Indonesia, forms part of UNCTAD’s teaching material on trade and gender. The aim of this capacity...


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Perdagangan dan kewirausahaan di Indonesia dari perspektif gender dan pembangunan

Perdagangan dan kewirausahaan di Indonesia dari perspektif gender dan pembangunan

( PDF: February 2024 )

This study, which focuses on trade and gender linkages and their impact on women’s entrepreneurship in Indonesia, forms part of UNCTAD’s teaching material on trade and gender. The aim of this capacity...

This study, which focuses on trade and gender linkages and their impact on women’s entrepreneurship in Indonesia, forms part of UNCTAD’s teaching material on trade and gender. The aim of this capacity...


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Teaching Material on Trade and Gender Linkages

The Gender Impact of Technological Upgrading in Agriculture

( Print: August 2021, PDF: November 2020 )

This study examines the nexus between technology in agriculture and trade from a gender perspective. This document looks at the relationship between trade and gender as it explores the opportunities...

This study examines the nexus between technology in agriculture and trade from a gender perspective. This document looks at the relationship between trade and gender as it explores the opportunities...


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International Trade, Transparency, and Gender Equality

The Case of the Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations (PACER) Plus

( Print: May 2021, PDF: April 2021 )

This report examines the potential implications of the transparency provisions in the Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations (PACER) Plus for gender outcomes in the region of nine Pacific...

This report examines the potential implications of the transparency provisions in the Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations (PACER) Plus for gender outcomes in the region of nine Pacific...