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In the 1990s the United Nations, the militaries of key member states, and Non-Governmental Organizations became increasingly entangled in the complex affairs of disrupted states. In some situations...

La Niña, the result of air-sea interaction, can be described as the appearance of cold surface water in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. While people around the globe have become...

Analysis of structural adjustment and its impact on the economies of Sub-Saharan Africa has made considerable progress over the last few years. Debate has shown that liberalization alone is not...

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a policy and management tool for planning and decision-making. This publication includes an introduction to EIA and explains its process, methods and tools. It...

As a result of repeated experience with devastating earthquakes, storms, floods and wildfires, places like Tokyo, Mexico City, San Francisco and Los Angeles are already identified with catastrophe in...

The Oceanic Circle discusses the importance of the oceans within the global life support system, the cultural dimension of ocean space, the oceans and warfare, the wealth of the ocean and its market...

Restructuring is a widely used concept, which denotes rapid and often far-reaching, socio-economic transformation processes in communities, localities, regions and nations. This book seeks to explain...

Until recently, the East Asian experience was hailed as a miracle and a model of successful development. Now it is being called a myth and a bad example that should not be emulated by other developing...

The Bolivia Summit of the Americas declared in 1996 that despite extensive efforts by countries in the Americas to improve water use and management, demand continues to rise while contamination has...

Although Japan is among the United Nations' most enthusiastic supporters, it has only recently begun to send its Self-Defense Forces to assist UN peace operations. In this study, experts unravel the...

As Asia's financial and economic crisis which started in 1997, deepened and spread around the world, United Nations economists on five continents shared notes to understand the upheaval and suggest...

This publication examines the effect of computer technology on Finnish economic growth between 1983 and 1996, shedding light into the famous productivity paradox. It assesses the contribution of...

Starting from the celebrated neoclassical (Solow) model of economic growth, this publication discusses new ideas in growth theory focusing on how to make sustained growth feasible. It reviews models...

This study presents a survey of the comparison between state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and township and village enterprises (TVEs) in China. It also discusses the need for both SOEs and TVEs to reform...

This analytical study, which presents a wealth of information on unemployment, morbidity and mortality in Kazakhstan, confirms that there is a close association between unemployment and health status...

The rapid diffusion of computers has changed the consequences of computer use on the labour market. This study reviews the empirical evidence on the relation between computer use and labour market...

There is substantial evidence that new information technologies are in many ways transforming the operation of modern economies. However, more research is needed before firm policy conclusions can be...

Providing important lessons for developing and transition economies, this publication is a study of the capacity and adaptability of Costa Rica to increase its exports effectively. It surveys de...

Can the increasing significance of knowledge-products in national income - the growing weightless economy - influence economic development? This publication analyzes a model embodying such a reduction...

Since the 1960s, the resource-rich developing economies have under-performed when compared with the resource-deficient economies. This publication explains why and outlines the reforms that are...