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Transfer of Technology

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: February 2002 )

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...


Trends in International Investment Agreements

An Overview

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...


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Investment Policy Review - Uganda

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Investment Policy Reviews
( Print: June 2000, PDF: June 2000 )

Over the past decade, the Government of Uganda has reversed earlier policy and management failures that were destructive to the economy and the investment climate. With economic fundamentals restored...

Over the past decade, the Government of Uganda has reversed earlier policy and management failures that were destructive to the economy and the investment climate. With economic fundamentals restored...


Lessons from the MAI

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...


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Illicit Payments

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: November 2001 )

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...


Home Country Measures

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: December 2001 )

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...


Foreign Direct Investment and Development

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...


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Investment Policy Review - Ghana

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Investment Policy Reviews
( Print: August 2003, PDF: August 2003 )

Ghana is making a comeback in terms of attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) after the economy had suffered a temporary setback in 1998. This publication reviews the investment climate in the...

Ghana is making a comeback in terms of attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) after the economy had suffered a temporary setback in 1998. This publication reviews the investment climate in the...


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Investment Policy Review - Tanzania

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Investment Policy Reviews
( Print: August 2002, PDF: August 2002 )

Investment Policy Reviews are intended to help countries improve their investment policies and to familiarize Governments and the international private sector with an individual country’s investment...

Investment Policy Reviews are intended to help countries improve their investment policies and to familiarize Governments and the international private sector with an individual country’s investment...


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Investment Policy Review - Ecuador

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Investment Policy Reviews
( Print: February 2002, PDF: February 2002 )

The Investment Policy Review is intended to help countries improve their investment policies and to familiarize Governments and the international private sector with each countries' investment...

The Investment Policy Review is intended to help countries improve their investment policies and to familiarize Governments and the international private sector with each countries' investment...


Investment-Related Trade Measures

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: August 1999 )

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...


Scope and Definition

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...


Transfer Pricing

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

Transfer pricing methods raise important and contentious policy questions for both host and home governments, as well as transnational corporations, as they directly affect the amount of profit...

Transfer pricing methods raise important and contentious policy questions for both host and home governments, as well as transnational corporations, as they directly affect the amount of profit...


Admission and Establishment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: May 1999 )

The legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment by transnational corporations into host countries, is a topic that raises questions central to...

The legal and policy options surrounding the admission and establishment of foreign direct investment by transnational corporations into host countries, is a topic that raises questions central to...


Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

The most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN) standard is a core element of international investment agreements, it gives investors a guarantee against certain forms of discrimination by host countries...

The most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN) standard is a core element of international investment agreements, it gives investors a guarantee against certain forms of discrimination by host countries...


Fair and Equitable Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: September 1999 )

The concept of fair and equitable treatment, which has assumed prominence in investment relations between States, provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors and...

The concept of fair and equitable treatment, which has assumed prominence in investment relations between States, provides a yardstick by which relations between foreign direct investors and...


National Treatment

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: November 1999 )

In international investment agreements, the national treatment standard extended by a host country to foreign investors, touches upon economically and politically sensitive issues as it seeks to...

In international investment agreements, the national treatment standard extended by a host country to foreign investors, touches upon economically and politically sensitive issues as it seeks to...


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Investment Policy Review - Egypt

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Investment Policy Reviews
( Print: November 1999, PDF: November 1999 )

The Investment Policy Review of Egypt gives insight into the country's investment environment and policies. The publication discusses foreign direct investment (FDI) trends and the steadily increasing...

The Investment Policy Review of Egypt gives insight into the country's investment environment and policies. The publication discusses foreign direct investment (FDI) trends and the steadily increasing...


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Investment Policy Review - Republic of Belarus

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Investment Policy Reviews
( Print: November 2009, PDF: August 2010 )

After independence in 1991, Belarus chose to maintain a centrally-planned economy with limited forays into privatization. The foreign direct investment (FDI) attraction performance of Belarus was...

After independence in 1991, Belarus chose to maintain a centrally-planned economy with limited forays into privatization. The foreign direct investment (FDI) attraction performance of Belarus was...


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Investment Policy Review - Dominican Republic

Series: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Investment Policy Reviews
( Print: May 2009, PDF: August 2010 )

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has had a presence in the Dominican Republic since as early as 1890 and has played a prominent role in its economic development. A new ambitious development goal has...

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has had a presence in the Dominican Republic since as early as 1890 and has played a prominent role in its economic development. A new ambitious development goal has...