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Transfer of Technology

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: February 2002 )

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...

This paper discusses the issue of technology transfer in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs) and is divided into four main sections. The first section is an explanation of the...


Trends in International Investment Agreements

An Overview

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...

In the past four decades, national and international legal policies and rules concerning foreign direct investment (FDI) have repeatedly changed. This paper provides an overview of the developments in...


Lessons from the MAI

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: March 2000 )

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...

This publication considers the factors that contributed to the decision of the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to discontinue the negotiations on the Multilateral...


Assessing Regional Trade Arrangements

Are South-south RTAs More Trade Diverting?

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: February 2002 )

It has generally been argued that regional trade agreements among developing countries may induce potential adverse effects on trade patterns among RTA members and between them and third countries...

It has generally been argued that regional trade agreements among developing countries may induce potential adverse effects on trade patterns among RTA members and between them and third countries...


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Illicit Payments

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: November 2001 )

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...

This paper examines the topic of transnational bribery in the context of international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as other international instruments that address issues related to the...


Integrated Approach to Agricultural Trade and Development Issues, An

Exploring the Welfare and Distribution Issues

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: November 2001 )

Computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis has become a well-established methodology for the estimation of trade and welfare effects resulting from trade liberalization. This paper reviews CGE...

Computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis has become a well-established methodology for the estimation of trade and welfare effects resulting from trade liberalization. This paper reviews CGE...


Regional Trade Agreements and Developing Countries

The Case of the Pacific Island's Proposed Free Trade Agreement

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: November 2001 )

Fourteen of the world's smallest and most vulnerable economies - the Forum Island Countries (FICs) of the Pacific island region - are in the process of forming themselves into a free trade area (FTA)...

Fourteen of the world's smallest and most vulnerable economies - the Forum Island Countries (FICs) of the Pacific island region - are in the process of forming themselves into a free trade area (FTA)...


Assessing Regional Trading Arrangements in the Asia-Pacific

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: November 2001 )

Using both a gravity model to consider the natural trading bloc hypothesis and simulation using a computer generated equilibrium (CGE) model to make welfare estimates, this publication examines the...

Using both a gravity model to consider the natural trading bloc hypothesis and simulation using a computer generated equilibrium (CGE) model to make welfare estimates, this publication examines the...


Home Country Measures

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: December 2001 )

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...

Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the...


Foreign Direct Investment and Development

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...

The importance of foreign direct investment for development has dramatically increased in recent years. This concise study offers balanced and easily accessible analysis of the issues involved...


Services Sector Reform and Development Strategies

Issues and Research Priorities

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: November 2001 )

The purpose of this paper is to review some of the empirical work, which can provide relevant inputs to the implementation of strategies for use in the General Agreement on Trade Services (GATS)...

The purpose of this paper is to review some of the empirical work, which can provide relevant inputs to the implementation of strategies for use in the General Agreement on Trade Services (GATS)...


Tariffs and the East Asian Financial Crisis

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: November 2001 )

This study examines the role of tariffs during the East Asian financial crisis and finds that there is a role of tariffs when it comes to fighting the negative impact of a financial downturn. The...

This study examines the role of tariffs during the East Asian financial crisis and finds that there is a role of tariffs when it comes to fighting the negative impact of a financial downturn. The...


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Quantification of Non-tariff Measures

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: October 2002 )

The increase in the relative importance of non-tariff measures has increased awareness of the various deficiencies in existing non-tariff measures (NTM) data collections. This paper is concerned with...

The increase in the relative importance of non-tariff measures has increased awareness of the various deficiencies in existing non-tariff measures (NTM) data collections. This paper is concerned with...


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Trade in Services

Market Access Opportunities and the Benefits of Liberalization for Developing Countries

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: June 2003 )

The service sector is the most important sector for most developed economies being the largest contributor to gross domestic product, production, and employment. Developing economies on the other...

The service sector is the most important sector for most developed economies being the largest contributor to gross domestic product, production, and employment. Developing economies on the other...


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International Trade and Labour Market Performance

Major Findings and Open Questions

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: June 2003 )

This paper summarizes the results of recent research into the effects of international trade on labor demand highlighting three areas, which may require further investigation. These areas being: the...

This paper summarizes the results of recent research into the effects of international trade on labor demand highlighting three areas, which may require further investigation. These areas being: the...


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Assessing South-south Regional Integration

Same Issues Many Metrics

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: June 2003 )

The number of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) has increased over time. So have the complexity of issues surrounding their formation and the metrics used to assess them. Despite sustained research...

The number of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) has increased over time. So have the complexity of issues surrounding their formation and the metrics used to assess them. Despite sustained research...


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Duty and Quota-free Access for LDCs

Further Evidence From CGE Modelling

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: June 2002 )

This study is an extension of the work entitled Duty and Quota Free Market Access for LDCs: An Analysis of Quad Initiatives. Its purpose is to assess the effects of trade policy initiatives aimed at...

This study is an extension of the work entitled Duty and Quota Free Market Access for LDCs: An Analysis of Quad Initiatives. Its purpose is to assess the effects of trade policy initiatives aimed at...


Post-Uruguay Round Market Access Barriers for Industrial Products

Series: Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series
( Print: February 2002 )

Both the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) secretariats have a long history of research on the pattern and effects of border protection...

Both the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) secretariats have a long history of research on the pattern and effects of border protection...


Investment-Related Trade Measures

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: August 1999 )

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...

Investment-related trade measures help shape the attractiveness of the investment climate by altering trade conditions associated with a given country or region. This concise study offers balanced and...


Scope and Definition

Series: UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements (Series One)
( Print: June 1999 )

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...

Investment agreements must specify not only their geographical and temporal coverage but, and most importantly, their subject-matter coverage, which is done primarily through the provisions on...