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This report brings together a range of existing scientific assessments and reviews global progress and future sustainable development pathways in an integrated way. It responds to the 2012 Rio+20...

Authored by an independent group of scientists appointed by the United Nations Secretary-General, the Global Sustainable Development Report 2023 presents a science-based call for transformations to...

This report considers the interaction between the national economy and the environment in the former Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia. It concludes that the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power...

The Report uses the latest scientific assessments, evidence bases about good practices, and scenarios that link future trajectories to current actions to identify calls to action by a range of...

This study offers a practical and stimulating discussion on growth in market economies. Reflecting back as far as 1950 and projecting into the year 2000, it provides an historical view and guidance on...

This paper focuses on the economic aspects of Perestroika and how it affected the economic reforms and developments in the former Soviet Union, Europe and the world. Experts present the original...

This publication offers a detailed analysis of the policy options and choices of the European countries after the Second World War. The policies are important for managing the economic reforms in...

This publication discusses the overall economic position in the Eastern countries giving a long-term historical perspective and short-term prospects. It views the social and economic order aimed at by...

The service sector, including personal and collective services, has been written about in many economic publications. However, most of them focus on selected branches such as health, education and...

Because of the exceptional events in central and eastern Europe this round-table discussion centers on the transition economies. It focuses on the unexpected sharp fall in output and the resulting...

This study analyzes the link between inflation and unemployment as it presents a summary of facts comparing western Europe with the United States and Japan. It provides the different explanations on...

Presents a discussion of many aspects of the present economic situation and secular developments in the market and transition economies and the relationship between the developments in the labour...

These three countries were the first to embark upon a stabilization programme, which at the same time was expected to launch the process of structural transformation. This publication is a comparative...