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The ecosystem approach to the management of oceans and their resources was consolidated in Agenda 21. Practical application of this approach is still in early stages of development by regional...

This publication presents a regional overview on land-based sources and activities affecting the marine, coastal and associated freshwater environment in the Wider Caribbean Region. The report...

While the natural resources of this part of the Middle East have supported the coastal populations for thousands of years, the marine environment has recently been degraded as a result of a wide range...

The Global Programme of Action of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities was adopted in November 1995. The goal of this programme is to prevent the degradation of the marine environment...

This Report reveals efforts of the Halons Technical Options Committee (HTOC) to identify, develop and test alternatives that can used in place of the halons. Under the Montreal Protocol on Substances...

Report of the Flexible and Rigid Foams Technical Options Committee (FTOC) provides information on the technical options available to eliminate chloroflurocarbons and use of other ozone depleting...

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer requires periodic assessments of available scientific, environmental, technical and economic information. This 2002 Assessment focuses...

The Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee (MBTOC) was established by parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer to identify existing and potential alternatives to...

In the last decade, the refrigeration, airconditioning and heat pump industries, have made tremendous technical progress in compyling with the Montreal Protocol by phasing out chlorofluorocarbons...

Report of the Solvents and Adhesives Technical Options Committee (STOC) 2002 provides the progress report and status of efforts by this committee to phase out the use of solvents, coatings and...

The Report of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel 2002 (TEAP) contains executive summaries from six Panel Technical Options Committees. The committee summaries included cover aerosols...

In response to the scientific consensus that chlorofluorocarbons and halons deplete the ozone layer, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) enacted the Montreal Protocol as the principal...

This reference book covers whale distribution, behaviour and migration; highlighting the threats that small cetaceans are exposed to. With the exception of the sperm whale, all 72 species of toothed...

This publication aims at assisting the countries of the West and Central African region in their efforts to protect the marine environment and achieve sustainable development. It provides data and...

Coral Reefs are among the world’s richest and most spectacular ecosystems. Their contribution to marine biodiversity is enormous. More than one billion people in the tropics benefit directly from...

The Regional Seas Programme, launched in 1974 in the wake of the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm, aims to address the accelerating degradation of the world’s...

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed so that the phase out schedules could be revised on the basis of periodic scientific and technological assessments. Since...

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed so that the phase out schedules could be revised on the basis of periodic scientific and technological assessments. Since...

This publication provides an overview of activities affecting the Marine, coastal and freshwater environment in the Pacific Islands region. It identifies and assesses the problems related to each...

The objective of this report is to provide an overview of the key socio-economic, management and governance issues relating to the conservation and sustainable use of deep-sea ecosystems and...