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UNU (United Nations University) is the academic arm of the United Nations system, which implements research and educational programmes in the area of sustainable development, with the particular aim of assisting developing countries.

United Nations University
United Nations University
UNDERDEVELOPMENT TRANSITION AND RE

Underdevelopment, Transition and Reconstruction in Sub-Saharan Africa

Series:
UNU/WIDER Research for Action
17 Sep 1999
War and its consequences are perhaps the most important issues facing the African continent. Along with reconstruction from war, many countries are also engaged in economic reform. However, there are often inconsistencies between the reconstruction and reform agendas. This publication explores th...
RESOURCE ABUNDANCE AND ECONOMIC DE

Resource Abundance and Economic Development

Improving the Performance of Resource-Rich Countries

Series:
UNU/WIDER Research for Action
17 Sep 1999
Since the 1960s, the resource-rich developing economies have under-performed when compared with the resource-deficient economies. This publication explains why and outlines the reforms that are required in order to achieve environmentally and socially sustainable resource-rich development.
WEIGHTLESS ECONOMY IN ECONOMIC DEV

Weightless Economy in Economic Development, The

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
17 Sep 1999
Can the increasing significance of knowledge-products in national income - the growing weightless economy - influence economic development? This publication analyzes a model embodying such a reduction. The model shows how demand-side attributes - consumer attitudes on complex goods; training, edu...
COSTA RICA: POLICIES AND CONDITION

Costa Rica

Policies and Conditions for Export Diversification

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
17 Sep 1999
Providing important lessons for developing and transition economies, this publication is a study of the capacity and adaptability of Costa Rica to increase its exports effectively. It surveys de-regulation, infrastructure investment, incentives and other integral areas that would carry Costa Rica...
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMI

Information Technology and Economic Development

An Introduction to the Research Issues

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
17 Sep 1999
There is substantial evidence that new information technologies are in many ways transforming the operation of modern economies. However, more research is needed before firm policy conclusions can be drawn for economic development. This study presents a discussion on the research issues.
COMPUTERS AND LABOUR MARKETS: INTE

Computers and Labour Markets

International Evidence

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
17 Sep 1999
The rapid diffusion of computers has changed the consequences of computer use on the labour market. This study reviews the empirical evidence on the relation between computer use and labour market outcomes. It examines the relation between the broadening use of computers on one side and wages, sk...
UNEMPLOYMENT LABOUR POLICIES AND H

Unemployment, Labour Policies and Health in Transition

Evidence from Kazakhstan

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
17 Sep 1999
This analytical study, which presents a wealth of information on unemployment, morbidity and mortality in Kazakhstan, confirms that there is a close association between unemployment and health status. It provides important information for those who are framing policies in this area.
STATE-OWNED VERSUS TOWNSHIP AND VI

State-Owned Versus Township and Village Enterprises in China

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
17 Sep 1999
This study presents a survey of the comparison between state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and township and village enterprises (TVEs) in China. It also discusses the need for both SOEs and TVEs to reform their ownership and governance structures.
ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE AND CAPITAL IN E

Role of Knowledge and capital in Economic Growth, The

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
17 Sep 1999
Starting from the celebrated neoclassical (Solow) model of economic growth, this publication discusses new ideas in growth theory focusing on how to make sustained growth feasible. It reviews models that broadened the notion of capital to include human capital and the state of technology. The pub...
COMPUTERS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN F

Computers and Economic Growth in Finland

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
17 Sep 1999
This publication examines the effect of computer technology on Finnish economic growth between 1983 and 1996, shedding light into the famous productivity paradox. It assesses the contribution of computer hardware, software and labor, to gross and net output growth using the neoclassical growth ac...
GLOBAL FINANCIAL TURMOIL & REFOR

Global Financial Turmoil and Reform

A United Nations Perspective

Series:
UNU Policy Perspectives
9 Jul 1999
As Asia's financial and economic crisis which started in 1997, deepened and spread around the world, United Nations economists on five continents shared notes to understand the upheaval and suggest reforms at national and international levels. The process led the Secretary-General to present a se...
UN PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS

United Nations Peace-keeping Operations

A Guide to Japanese Policies

9 Jul 1999
Although Japan is among the United Nations' most enthusiastic supporters, it has only recently begun to send its Self-Defense Forces to assist UN peace operations. In this study, experts unravel the political and legal complexities that bedevil Japanese officials in their attempts to cooperate wi...
MNGMT LATIN AMERICAN RIVER BASINS

Management of Latin American River Basins

Amazon, Plata and Sao Francisco

Series:
Water Resources Management and Policy
6 Aug 1999
The Bolivia Summit of the Americas declared in 1996 that despite extensive efforts by countries in the Americas to improve water use and management, demand continues to rise while contamination has seriously degraded the quality of freshwater, spreading disease and causing economic losses. This b...
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION & DEV

Technological Innovation and the Development of Transportation in Japan

1 Jan 1992
Japan has led the world in high-speed rail development and its industry is nearly unmatched in sophistication - yet just over 100 years ago, people and goods moved mostly on foot and by ox cart. The past 120 years of Japanese transportation history is described for the first time in English by di...
GENDER & DEV THE ARAB WORLD WOMEN

Gender and Development in the Arab World

Women's Economic Participation - Patterns and Policies

1 Dec 1998
A distinguished cast of contributors look at the systematic and cultural bias in underestimating women's real contribution to national produce and family welfare and explore the consequences of that bias. Gender and Development in the Arab World highlights and analyses a variety of factors which ...
PROVISION OF HEALTH CARE AND EDUCA

Provision of Health Care and Education in Transitional Asia

Key Issues and Lessons from Vietnam

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
20 Nov 1998
This publication examines the impact of the transition to a market economy on health and education in transitional Asia, with particular focus on Vietnam. Several lessons emerge from the empirical evidence examined. It is part of an applied research and policy series on structural changes affecti...
SOUTH-NORTH CHALLENGES IN GLOBAL F

South-North Challenges in Global Forestry

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
20 Nov 1998
South-North Challenges in Global Forestry addresses the types of transitions operating in global forestry and evaluates the significance of trends. The publication is part of an applied research and policy analysis series on structural changes affecting the developing and transitional economies.
EXPORT PERFORMANCE IN CHILE: LESSO

Export Performance in Chile

Lessons from Africa

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
20 Nov 1998
This study looks at the performance of exports in Chile for the period 1960-1995. It identifies the main trends in the growth of exports and attempts to assign responsibility to various factors for export performance. Export Performance in Chile also addresses the role of trade liberalization. Th...
RISE AND FALL OF DEVELOPMENT AID,

Rise and Fall of Development Aid, The

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
20 Nov 1998
This study re-examines the rationale for development aid; revisits the development debate that accompanied its growth; and draws conclusions for aids' performance which may influence the future. The publication is part of an applied research and policy analysis series on structural changes affect...
WAR HUNGER AND DISPLACEMENT: AN EC

War, Hunger and Displacement

An Econometric Investigation into the Sources of Humanitarian Emergencies

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
20 Nov 1998
War, Hunger and Displacement uses econometric methods and case-study evidence to examine the political economy of complex humanitarian emergencies, multidimensional crises characterized by warfare, state violence, disease, hunger and displacement. The publication is part of an applied research an...
HEALTH STATUS AND HEALTH POLICY IN

Health Status and Health Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa

A Long-Term Perspective

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
20 Nov 1998
Health Status and Health Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa discusses the main changes in infant, child and maternal mortality which have occurred over the period 1960-1995. It also analyses the main factors responsible for the observed shifts in health trends. The publication is part of an applied res...
HUMANITARIAN EMERGENCIES AND WARLO

Humanitarian Emergencies and Warlord Economies in Liberia and Sierra Leone

Series:
UNU/WIDER Working Papers
20 Nov 1998
Humanitarian Emergencies and Warlord Economies in Liberia and Sierra Leone examines the correlations between humanitarian emergencies and political economies of these failing states. The publication is part of an applied research and policy analysis series on structural changes affecting the deve...
SELECTIVE POLICIES FOR EXPORT PROM

Selective Policies for Export Promotion

Lessons from the Asian Tigers

Series:
UNU/WIDER Research for Action
20 Nov 1998
Selective Policies for Export Promotion: Lessons from the Asian Tigers assesses the efficacy of selective policies for the promotion of manufactured exports in East Asian Experience and draws lessons from that experience for other developing countries. The publication is part of the Research for ...
TRANSITION

Transition's Mortality Crisis in East Germany, The

Series:
UNU/WIDER Research for Action
20 Nov 1998
The Transition's Mortality Crisis in East Germany provides new empirical evidence on the first two years of reunification revealing the impact on health and mortality of middle-aged men, accidents and deaths due to unknown causes. The publication is part of the Research for Action series which di...
COMMUNITY AND VILLAGE-BASED PROVIS

Community and Village-Based Provision of Key Social Services

A Case Study of Tanzania

Series:
UNU/WIDER Research for Action
20 Nov 1998
Community and Village-based Provision of Key Social Services: A Case Study of Tanzania describes the initial attempts of providing social services undertaken by the Tanzanian government during the early 1970s. It goes on to discuss the economic imbalances and the policies adopted in attempting to...
TOWARDS THE ABYSS? THE POLITICAL E

Towards the Abyss? The Political Economy of Emergency in Haiti

Series:
UNU/WIDER Research for Action
20 Nov 1998
Towards the Abyss? The Political Economy of Emergency in Haiti examines how the sanctions placed on Haiti during the period 1991-1994 has affected its economy and the challenges it faces for the future. It uses economic and political analyses to explain factors contributing to humanitarian emerge...
DETERMINANTS OF ECONOMIC PERFORMAN

Determinants of Economic Performance in Transitional Economies, The

The Roles of Ownership, Incentives and Restructuring

Series:
UNU/WIDER Research for Action
20 Nov 1998
The Determinants of Economic Performance in Transitional Economies: The Roles of Ownership, Incentives and Restructuring examines recent patterns of change in ownership and control in East European countries, Bulgaria and Baltic states, as well as in Russia. It explores how these changes affect e...